The aging and the chronic diseases caused by the aging are an urgent social problem in facing the ever increased aging population. This paper reviews the complex biological mechanisms of the brain aging:the glial cell activation and the inflammatory response, the oxidative stress damage, the stem cell depletion, the DNA repair damage, the mitochondrial dysfunction and other related issues. The emerging methods in the field of the exercise and the brain health in recent years include the research and applications of the epigenetics, the exosomes, the intestinal flora, the exercise factors, the allogeneic symbiosis, and the omics analysis. In the meantime, it is suggested that the aging is not a disease, and it is proposed to pay attention to the problem of the exercise pills and the feasibility of the transformation from basic to clinical of the exercise intervention of the brain aging. In the future, it would be a challenging task for scientists and exercise professionals to explore and develop precise exercise prescriptions for delaying the brain aging.

exercise  /  brain aging  /  active health  /  aging  /  exercise factor