Based on virtual manufacturing, a new paradigm of intelligent manufacturing, parallel manufacturing is proposed. It integrates the concepts of cyber-physical-social system (CPSS) and industrial IoM by considering the complexity of physical, information and social systems. Based on ACP (artificial systems, computational experiments, parallel execution) method, an intelligent system of steel manufacturing is developed to realize parallel evolution, closed-loop feedback and cooperative optimization. It consists of three parts, namely, descriptive intelligence through software defined steelworks (SDS), predictive intelligence based on computational experiment and optimization, and prescriptive intelligence using parallel execution between virtuality and reality. Through the comprehensive utilization of descriptive, predictive and prescriptive intelligence, intelligent production is realized to transparentize and digitize the manufacturing system.

parallel manufacturing  /  intelligent manufacturing  /  virtual manufacturing  /  artificial systems  /  cyber-physical-social-systems  /  knowledge automation