The increased prevalence of myopia and its potentially irreversible vison impairment have caused widespread concern, but the detailed pathogenesis of this disease needs further investigation. Experimental and clinical evidences indicate that excessive ocular elongation associated with myopia is the result of altered scleral shell. This review summarizes the research advances in scleral biomechanics in myopia progression, including biomechanical properties of the sclera in myopic eyes, the related changes and reasons of the composition of the scleral extracellular matrix, and some new clinical treatments. Future research direction and trend in this field are prospected as well.

myopia  /  scleral biomechanics  /  sclera remodeling  /  type I collagen  /  fibroblast