Quantum computer is the combination of quantum mechanics and computing problem. It is a hot research topic of recent years and receives much attention from the society. In this paper we briefly review the principle and development of quantum computer. First, we introduce quantum algorithms and computing models, and explain physical implementation of quantum computer by taking ion trap and superconducting circuit as examples. Then we introduce quantum codes used to overcome decoherence. We also discuss quantum supremacy with Boson sampling as example. As we look into the future of quantum computers, we think quantum supremacy may be demonstrated in a few years and then quantum simulators to solve special problems. As for universal quantum computer, however, it may still need a long time.

quantum computing  /  quantum algorithm  /  quantum code  /  ion trap  /  superconducting circuit