The spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. The prevention and the treatment of the SICH are the most urgent issues. This review summarizes the definition and the natural history of the SICH, the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the SICH-induced brain injury and the current state of treatment. The concept of "lenticulostriate-artery neural complex" is proposed to help the study of the mechanisms of the SICH and the key issues in the SICH, to improve the prevention, the diagnosis and the treatment of the SICH and to reduce the mortality and morbidity rates.

spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage  /  mechanisms of brain injury  /  lenticulostriate-artery neural complex  /  white matter fiber bundles