The basin water environmental model is an important tool for water environment problem of river basin, which can provide a decision basis for planning and management. In this paper we firstly review river basin models of water environment pollution and water quality risk assessment. Secondly, on the basis of river basin water environment pollution load influence and water quality simulation for whole basin planning, we discuss and summarize the characteristics and applicability of various models of water environment including water pollution load model, water quality simulation model and water quality assessment. Thirdly, combined with agricultural areal source and urban areal source pollution load model, steady-state and dynamic water quality model, certainty and uncertainty evaluation model for water quality simulation, we analyze the development and importance of research and application in river basin water environment models. It is pointed out that we can provide reference data for total control by estimating the watershed pollutant emissions using water pollution load model; we can provide support for river basin water environment pollution control decision-making by effectively distinguishing the rules of migration of pollutants in the water with the water quality simulation model; and we can put forward new risk prevention and control strategies by identifying pollutant source and key risk areas through quality evaluation of water environment.

river basin water environment  /  pollution load  /  water quality simulation  /  risk assessment