To investigate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) and postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture.

A total of 1 444 elderly patients with hip fracture admitted to Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects.Clinical data were collected.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to explore influencing factors of postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture.A generalized additive model was employed for smooth curve fitting to examine the relationship between NLR and postoperative pneumonia in elderly hip fracture patients.

The incidence of postoperative pneumonia in elderly hip fracture patients was 6.30%(91/1 444).The NLR was significantly higher in the pneumonia group compared with the non-pneumonia group（P<0.001）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that NLR was an important influencing factor of postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture(P=0.001).Curve fitting results indicated a linear correlation between NLR and the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia（P<0.05）.

NLR has predictive value for the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture.

To develop and apply home-based dietary management protocol for diabetic foot patients.

Literature analysis and quality assessment were conducted to formulate initial draft of the home-based dietary management protocol for diabetic foot patients.Expert consultation was organized to revise and refine the draft.The final version of the home-based dietary management protocol for diabetic foot patients was formed.A total of 90 home-based diabetic foot patients from a tertiary grade A hospital and communities in Shanxi province were selected as research subjects from July to October 2024.Participants were randomly divided into control group and observation group using random number table.There were 43 cases in each group after excluding dropout cases.The control group received routine diabetes dietary care instructions,while the observation group received guidance based on the home-based dietary management protocol for diabetic foot patients.The nutritional status,dietary management level,glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels,and wound outcomes were assessed in both groups.

The final home-based dietary management protocol for diabetic foot patients was established,structured according to the pathological stages of diabetic foot wounds(inflammatory phase,proliferative phase,remodeling phase).The effective recovery rate of questionnaire was 100%.The expert authority coefficient was 0.85.The Kendall's W coefficient was 0.318(P<0.001).The observation group showed superior outcomes compared to the control group in terms of Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA) scores,Dietary Management Scale for Type 2 scores,HbA1c levels,and overall wound treatment effectiveness(all P<0.05).

The home-based dietary management protocol for diabetic foot patients is scientific and feasible.Its application is beneficial for improving the nutritional status,dietary management capabilities,glucose metabolism indicators,and wound outcomes of diabetic foot patients.

To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise combined with auricular point sticking therapy on ectopic fat deposition in pancreatic,liver,and muscle tissues in patients with impaired glucose tolerance.

A total of 140 patients with impaired glucose tolerance in Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to China Pharmaceutical University were selected as the study subjects from December 2021 to October 2023.They were randomly divided into four groups using a random number table,namely the aerobic exercise group,the auricular point sticking group,the combined intervention group,and the control group,with 35 patients in each group.The control group received routine management.The aerobic exercise group received structured exercise intervention in addition to routine management.The auricular point sticking group received auricular point sticking therapy in addition to routine management.The combined intervention group received both structured exercise intervention and auricular point sticking therapy in addition to routine management.Before the intervention and after 6 months of intervention,the patients' glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),liver proton density fat fraction(PDFF),pancreatic fat fraction(PFF),psoas muscle fat fraction,and visceral adipose tissue(VAT) volume were measured.

A total of 106 patients were finally included,with 24 in the aerobic exercise group,28 in the auricular point sticking group,22 in the combined intervention group,and 32 in the control group.The intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) for the abdominal fat measurement indicators ranged from 0.812 to 0.897(all P<0.001).After 6 months of intervention,there were statistically significant differences in terms of HbA1c,VAT,PDFF,PFF,and psoas muscle fat fraction among the four groups(all P<0.05).Factorial analysis results showed that aerobic exercise and auricular point sticking had synergistic effects on improving HbA1c,PDFF,and PFF(all P<0.05).

Aerobic exercise combined with auricular point sticking can synergistically reduce PDFF and PFF levels in patients with impaired glucose tolerance,and improve HbA1c.It has great significance in delaying the progression of impaired glucose tolerance and preventing diabetes.

To analyze the current status of caregiver types and care duration for disabled older adults in China and their multidimensional influencing factors based on the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS) data,providing empirical evidence for improving the care service and security system for disabled older adults.

Utilizing the older adult sample from the CHARLS 2020 data,Chi-square tests and Softmax regression were employed to analyze the factors influencing caregiver types,while t-tests and multivariate regression were used to analyze the factors influencing care duration.

A total of 3,349 disabled older adults were included.The results showed that gender,age,marital status,education level,disability level,depression status,economic support,and annual household income per capita all had significant effects on both caregiver types and care duration(P<0.05).Advanced age,having a spouse,higher education level,severe disability,negative economic support,and higher household income were associated with longer care duration,while depression status was associated with shorter care duration.

The care system for disabled older adults in China faces issues of structural imbalance and uneven resource distribution.It is recommended to implement comprehensive measures,including strengthening the community care system,promoting long-term care insurance,providing family caregiver skills training,establishing psychological early warning mechanisms,and encouraging social capital involvement in elderly care services,so as to optimize the allocation of care resources and to meet the diverse care needs of disabled older adults.

To analyze the influencing factors of workplace bullying among nurses and construct risk prediction model to assist hospital administrators in developing targeted preventive measures and reducing the incidence of workplace bullying in this population.

Based on data from the Chinese Nurses' Health Cohort Study(TARGET) covering 46 790 nurses from February 2021 to February 2024,surveys were conducted using the General Information Questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire,the Patient Health Questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Ten-Item Big Five Inventory,the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire,and the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale.Participants were randomly divided into a modeling group(32 752 individuals) and a validation group(14 038 individuals) at a ratio of 7∶3.Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to screen the influencing factors of workplace bullying among nurses and establish a risk prediction model.The Bootstrap method was employed for internal validation of the prediction model,and external validation was performed using the validation group data.The calibration curve was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.

Among the 46 790 nurses,9 274 experienced workplace bullying,with an incidence rate of 19.82%.Logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,position,years of work experience,anxiety level,depression level,perceived stress score,positive coping score,negative coping score,Big Five personality traits(extraversion,agreeableness,emotional stability,openness),education level,department,and employment type were influencing factors for workplace bullying among nurses(P<0.05).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the modeling group and validation group were 0.729[95%CI(0.723,0.736)] and 0.728[95%CI(0.718,0.738)],respectively,with specificity of 0.664 and 0.631 and sensitivity of 0.683 and 0.718.The calibration curve indicated a good fit.

Based on the TARGET cohort data,this study screened the relevant influencing factors of workplace bullying among Chinese nurses,constructed and validated risk prediction model for bullying in this population.The model can help identify high-risk individuals early and provide a reference for targeted preventive interventions and the optimization of clinical management practices.