Full
Outline
To conduct a scoping review of studies on empowerment education for family caregivers of children with chronic diseases.This review systematically summarized the characteristics of intervention protocols and outcome evaluation indicators.It aims to provide an evidence-based foundation for developing a standardized empowerment education program for these caregivers that is suitable for China's national conditions.
Guided by the scoping review methodology,computer searches were performed in PubMed, EMbase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Scopus,CINAHL,Wanfang Data,VIP Database,CNKI,and CBM.The search timeframe spanned from the inception of each database to August 2025.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening,data extraction, and quality assessment.Disagreements were resolved through consultation with a third researcher.
A total of 18 articles were included,comprising 5 quasi-experimental studies and 13 randomized controlled trials.These studies involved various childhood chronic diseases,including asthma,type 1 diabetes,congenital heart disease,epilepsy,and cancer.The main empowerment education models included family empowerment/empowerment education,the Family-Centered Empowerment Model(FCEM),and education guided by empowerment theory.The core process followed a closed-loop mechanism:"identifying problems-expressing emotions-setting goals-making plans-evaluating effects".Outcome indicators included caregiver-related measures(family function,readiness,psychological status,self-efficacy,caregiving ability,care burden,etc.) and child-related measures(physiological indicators,quality of life,disease cognition and management,etc.).
Empowerment education demonstrated clear effectiveness when applied to family caregivers of children with chronic diseases.It could improve caregivers' caregiving abilities and psychological status,and enhance child health outcomes.Future research should optimize theoretical frameworks by incorporating cross-cultural characteristics.It should also develop standardized intervention processes tailored to different disease types and population characteristics,and unify evaluation tools as well.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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