To explore the occurrence rate of cognitive impairment among older adults in China and its influencing factors based on the health ecological model,and to construct the identification model to provide data support and theoretical basis for the early and accurate identification of cognitive impairment in older adults.

A total of 4 204 older adults aged 60 and above from the 2018 data of the China health and retirement longitudinal study(CHARLS) were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into training set and validation set at a ratio of 7∶3.LASSO regression was used to screen variables.Cognitive impairment identification model was constructed based on Logistic regression.The performance of the model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),sensitivity,and specificity.

The incidence of cognitive impairment among older adults aged 60 and above in China was 19.60%.The results of the Logistic regression analysis showed that personal traits(IADL),interpersonal networks(being married,frequency of meeting with children,social participation level),work and life conditions(retirement,heating facilities of housing),and policy environment(endowment insurance,medical insurance) were protective factors of cognitive impairment in older adults(P<0.05),and personal traits(age,disability,depression),behavioral characteristics(smoking),and policy environment(central region,western region) were risk factors of cognitive impairment in older adults(P<0.05).The AUC of the training set and validation set of the elderly cognitive impairment identification model constructed were 0.81 and 0.78, respectively.

The incidence of cognitive impairment among older adults was relatively high.The influencing factors included five aspects:personal traits,behavioral characteristics,interpersonal networks,working and living conditions,and policy environment.The constructed cognitive impairment identification model for the elderly was helpful for achieving early and accurate identification of cognitive impairment among people aged 60 and above.