Full
Outline
To explore the impact of long-term care insurance(LTCI) policy on the progression of frailty among older adults in China.
Based on the data from five rounds of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS) from 2011 to 2020,a frailty index covering physical,psychological,cognitive,social,and subjective health dimensions was constructed.The elderly in the pilot cities for long-term care insurance policies were taken as the treatment group, while the non-pilot cities were the control group.The difference-in-differences(DID) model was employed to assess the impact of the policy on the progression of frailty.
After the implementation of the LTCI policy,the progression rates of physical frailty,psychological frailty and cognitive frailty among older adults were significantly slowed.Parallel trend tests and winsorization results supported the robustness of these findings.Heterogeneity analyses revealed that the LTCI policy had more pronounced delaying effects on frailty progression among older adults who were of advanced age,male,residing in rural areas or with lower educational attainment(P<0.05).
The LTCI policy is beneficial in slowing frailty progression in older adults. We recommend further expanding the policy coverage,promoting the development of care service systems,and enhancing policy targeting and equity to better facilitate healthy aging.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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