To address the problems of dynamic failure and different services in the reliability analysis of an LTEM (Long Term Evolution for Machines) trainground radio communication system, this study evaluated the reliability of an LTEM trainground radio communication system based on a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN). First, the reliability block diagram, which was constructed by analyzing the LTEM system structure and function, was transformed into a DBN, and the DBN structure and parameter modeling were conducted. Subsequently, the reliability of the LTEM system was obtained and compared based on the forward inference of the DBN. Finally, based on the backward inference of the DBN, the weaknesses of the LTEM system were recognized as a reference for operation and maintenance. The results indicate that while the LTEM system is highly reliable, the building baseband unit and train access unit are vulnerabilities that require attention.

Airport rail transit lines serve large airports and differ from ordinary urban rail transit lines in terms of functional role, passenger service, passenger flow characteristics, and service standards. Transport service standards for this type of particular transit line need to be improved. To meet the rapid distribution needs of airport passenger flow and enhance the quality of airport passenger services, designing specific service standards is essential. First, the particularity of the special line is analyzed from the perspectives of service passengers, technical conditions, passengers' travel needs, etc. Second, the existing service standards for rail transit are examined, and the necessity of establishing transport service standards for these special lines is elaborated. Finally, suggestions for designing service standards from the aspects of design principles, standard framework, and key contents of services are provided. This study aims to provide a reference for formulating service standards for special rail transit airport lines.

To address the issue of incompatibility between the China Train Control System (CTCS) system used in mainline and intercity railways and the Communication Based Train Control (CBTC system) used in urban rail transit, which hinders the integration of the four networks and reduces the overall transportation efficiency of the rail transit system, research is conducted on main technologies such as onboard equipment, ground equipment, overlapping area design, and system switching process that support the integration of the four networks in the train control system. First, key technologies for integrated onboard equipment were proposed, including automatic train protection technology, automatic train operation technology, humanmachine interface technology, and train interface technology. Second, key technologies for ground equipment in overlapping management areas that support crossline operation of trains were presented, and the overlapping management area design technology that supports safe and smooth switching of train control systems without stopping was provided. Lastly, the system switching process of trains switching from CTCS to CBTC and from CBTC to CTCS without stopping in the overlapping area was explained. The research results suggest that crossline operation can be achieved by integrating onboard equipment that is compatible with ground equipment, reducing the number of ground equipment, simplifying the system structure, and enhancing system safety, reliability, and maintainability while also offering cost advantages. Adopting integrated onboard equipment with a simple system structure, low equipment cost, and minimal space requirements for installation is the future direction of technological development. The key technologies of the train control system compatible with CTCS and CBTC proposed can be used to guide system design, research and development, and application, which has guiding significance for achieving "four network integration."

To provide a theoretical basis and reference for crack control during construction, this study first monitored the construction of side walls by embedding temperature and stress sensors. The measured data were then compared with the Midas civil finite element model, the law for a temperature field, and the stress field during the construction of the side walls. The field monitoring and numerical analysis showed that the hydration heat reaction of the concrete in the early stage was relatively fast, reaching its maximum value only 20 h after pouring. The temperature was high in summer, and the cooling rate was relatively slow at approximately 0.40 °C/h. However, the cooling rate of the middle layer was relatively fast. The time at which the compressive stress reached its maximum value was close to that at which the temperature reached its maximum value. Subsequently, it entered the shrinkage deformation stage. After the critical condition of zero stress occurred, the tensile stress gradually increased with a continuous decrease in temperature, and the tensile stress at each measuring point tended to be stable 50 h after pouring. The finite element model results were close to the field monitoring data. Thus, it could play a role in the prediction of and theoretical basis for fractures. It could also be used as a reference for actual fracture control in engineering.

The conventional subway line design method cannot address the issues of a large amount of demolition, complex construction, high risk, and high cost in the densely built areas under construction. This article innovates a line design method that combines a special scissors crossover with a curved islandtype misaligned platform, which not only meets the design needs of related disciplines such as architecture, structure, signal, track, train operation, and line but also allows subway lines to avoid dense buildings around the station flexibly. The results indicate that this innovative route design method can reduce demolition, increase construction clearance, reduce open excavation scale, reduce construction difficulty and risk, and reduce engineering investments. It provides technical guidance for areas with dense buildings, as well as demolition and construction difficulties around subway stations. The application to practical engineering cases demonstrates that this innovative line design method can yield economic, technical, and social benefits.

This study aims to enhance the safety management capabilities of urban rail transit operators by designing and implementing an intelligent safety management platform, which has been validated in practice on Urumqi Metro Line 1. Centered around a dual prevention mechanism, the platform integrates 10 functional modules to achieve risk prediction and early warning, comprehensive safety assessment, safety supervision and inspection, as well as emergency decisionmaking support and resource sharing. The analysis results are presented on the platform interface in a visually graphic format, thereby increasing the efficiency of safety production management. The findings of this research can serve as a reference for the digital transformation of safety management in other urban rail transit enterprises.

Subway carriages are ventilated from the outside world through fans, which regulate the temperature, humidity, and wind speed of the internal environment of the carriages, improve air quality, and enhance the thermal comfort of passengers. Due to the limited number of applicable thermal comfort evaluation indices, accurately determining the thermal comfort of subway car occupants in transient environments is challenging. This paper first focuses on occupants of a Btype subway compartment as the research subject and proposes the joint application of DRBerkeley thermal comfort evaluation indexes by considering both airflow comfort and heat sensation. The study then employs the Stolwijk physiological model of human thermal regulation to construct a threedimensional model of the amplitudeflow fan and an overall simulation model of the subway compartment. Finally, using CFD software, STARCCM+, the study analyzes the effects of different fan speeds, fan hood disturbance speeds, and fan air supply temperatures on the microenvironment and thermal comfort of the occupants under seven different conditions during the summer. The results show that the DRBerkeley thermal comfort evaluation indexes can reasonably evaluate the thermal comfort of subway compartments under the premise of meeting the airflow comfort in summer; increasing the fan speed, reducing the hood disturbance speed, and reducing the fan air supply temperature can improve the thermal comfort of the occupants; in the seven working conditions, the fan speed of 1,400 rpm, the hood disturbance speed of 3.25 rpm, and the air supply temperature of 20°C have a uniform temperature and speed distribution in the compartments. The temperature and velocity distributions in the cabin were uniform, the occupant microenvironmental heat flow field was optimal, and thermal comfort was 0.766. This method can solve the occupant thermal comfort problem more comprehensively, which is of some reference significance for optimizing the thermal flow field environment in subway compartments and upgrading occupant thermal comfort.

The mechanism of the geological deformation caused by shield tunneling construction was combined with a threedimensional numerical simulation method to simulate the displacement of bridge piles during the smallangle side crossing of highspeed railway bridge group piles in subway shield tunnels constructed in sandy areas. Analyses were conducted on the mechanism of the impact of metro shield tunnels on highspeed railway bridges when the shield reaches the front of the piles, reaches the piles, and moves past the piles, as well as when the shield tail is detached and after the shield passes the piles. Three protection plans were then proposed for highspeed railway bridges, which included isolation pile measures, geological reinforcement measures, and isolation piles + geological reinforcement. Threedimensional numerical simulations were used to analyze the entire process of shield tunnel boring through the pile groups of highspeed railway bridges under the conditions of no protection scheme and when adopting the above three protection schemes. The findings revealed that without protective measures or with the sole use of ground reinforcement or isolation piles, the deformation of a highspeed railway bridge exceeds the allowable standards during the lateral passage of a shield tunnel. However, with the implementation of both isolation piles and ground reinforcement, the deformation remains within the prescribed limits. After the scheme comparison, the design scheme of isolation piles and ground reinforcement were ultimately adopted for implementation. During the onsite implementation, the entire process was monitored, and the monitoring results were consistent with the numerical calculations, verifying the rationality of the highspeed railway bridge protection plan.

The government of Macau is actively promoting rail transportation planning and construction to enhance the capacity of urban transportation systems, promote sustainable transportation development, achieve green development goals, and provide reliable travel options for both Macau residents and tourists. This study analyzes the current state of rail construction development in Macau and summarizes key experiences in rail transport planning. These include supporting the urban pattern, enhancing traffic capacity, optimizing traffic structure, and aligning with public preferences. Additionally, the study outlines technical strategies for deployment, such as serving main corridors, connecting key hubs, integrating multiple modes, and coordinating spatial relationships, thus providing a reference for other cities in rail transport development.

With the rapid pace of urban development, the speed of urban rail transit systems in various cities is gradually increasing. The transitoriented development (TOD) model, which focuses on the comprehensive development centered around public rail facilities, has been widely adopted. This has led to a rise in the number of transfer stations and integrated transport hubs. The TOD approach in domestic rail transit is becoming more diverse, and the integration of station cities helps rail transit TOD reach new levels. Largescale rail transit TOD projects generally require planning in the early stages of the project based on advanced planning and coordinated design methods, which are more conducive to the implementation of the main body to create a comprehensive transportation hub project with core characteristics in the area. This study focuses on the mismatch between the core development area of Dongguan and the timing of rail transit construction there. It summarizes the practical path from early planning to implementation based on line networks and detailed planning research and innovatively proposes the construction of public rail facility coconstruction engineering. Advanced planning, coordinated design, and integrated construction models have introduced new design concepts. The research results indicate that the construction of public rail facilities according to the underground space model has solved the problem of urban, comprehensive hub locations being unable to be developed synchronously because of their inability to initiate and implement rail transit projects, provides new research directions for subsequent project development, design, and implementation, and provides successful cases for government decisionmaking.