In this article, the current status of processes and equipment for smelting and rolling heavy rail steel in domestic manufacturing enterprises of heavy rail is mainly introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of different steel-making processes are analyzed through comparing the technical indicators achieved by different control modes of different smelting processes, pretreatment of hot metal, smelting with oxygen top-blown converter, refining with ladle furnace (LF), vacuum degassing and continuous bloom casting; the effects of different processes on product quality and the product range that can be rolled are analyzed through comparing the process characteristics of different layout forms of rolling modes such as continuous rolling modes of universal three stands, universal three stands 2+1, universal five stands 2+2+1 and universal four stands 3+1 so that the advantages and disadvantages of different rolling processes are elaborated. In addition, the straightening machine and detection equipment of heavy rail are briefly introduced.

In this paper, the effects of rare earth on the quality, metallurgical performances and mineral composition of sinter are systematically studied with sinter cup as well as the occurrence states of rare earth in different minerals of sinter are analyzed with scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum. The results showed that the sinter product ratio, utilization coefficient and drum strength tended to be increased first and then decreased, reducibility and low-temperature reduction degradation index of sinter tended to be improved first and then deteriorated, melting range was widened as well as the amount of formation for calcium ferrite in the mineral composition of sinter tended to be decreased with the proportion of rare earth increased. During the sintering process, the rare earth is into hematite, calcium ferrite and glass phase as well as it exists as columnar rare earth mineral in glass phase.

The stability of moisture of mixture is directly related to the granulation effect of sintering and heat transfer rate in sintering process so that the quality index of sinter is affected. It is found out that the main factors influencing stability of moisture of mixture include the moisture of iron charge, blending process as well as addition of fly ash and cold return fine through the comprehensive analysis on moisture of each crude fuel for 500 m² sintering machine of Baotou Steel and factors influencing moisture of mixture. The stability of moisture of mixture is obviously improved and black pipes at sintering machine tail are reduced through producing process monitor and control of moisture of each iron charge, adjusting and optimizing production technologies as well as formulating corresponding measures such as production and operation methods and technical improvement of equipment so that such indexes as the qualified rate of alkalinity for finished sinter, stability of FeO, qualified rates of drum strength and average particle size are with year-on-year increase.

In the external refining process, the elements of oxygen and sulfur are enriched in slag. In the process of smelting rare earth steel, the yield of rare earth is influenced. The reason is that the rare earth element Ce added with alloy reacts with the elements of O and S in slag to form compound so that a lot of rare earth elements remain in slag as well as just a small amount of them are into the link of pouring with liquid steel because of the active chemical property of rare earth elements. In the paper, the relation between refining slag amount and yield of rare earth element Ce is discussed through contrast test and analyzing the existence forms of rare earth element in refining slag. The results showed that the rare earth Ce in refining slag existed in the compound forms of oxides, sulfides and oxysulfides as well as the amount of refining slag affected the yield of rare earth Ce, which could provide the theoretical basis for improving it in industrial production process.

The effects of number of bottom gas supply component and bottom-blown gas intensity on mixing time of molten pool are studied through the water model test of bottom blowing system for 150 t converter in Steel-making Plant. The mixing time of 6 bottom gas supply components is the shortest with the same bottom-blown gas intensity; the higher the bottom-blown gas intensity, the shorter the mixing time with the same number of bottom gas supply component. The mode of bottom-blown gas supply in the processes of smelting different steel grades with 150 t converter is optimized combining with the results of water model test. As a result, the dephosphorization rate at smelting end-point could reach 92.3% and total iron content of slags at end-point of whole campaign could reach 17.3%, which could provide the technical guidance for improving the economic and technical norms of production.

The metering data of energy is the basis for quantitative management of enterprise energy and realizing cost accounting as well as the important guarantee for establishing scientific and effective energy management system. The prediction model of priority and state for weighing apparatus is established as well as the optimal strategy of metering equipment is formulated through the technical researches of hot metal balance and early warning of equipment as well as analyzing the process flow related to hot metal balance between iron-making and steel-making processes. Moreover, the system based on visual data is designed for intelligent identification and judgment of relevant data of equipment, realizing automatic adjustment of metering device priority, early warning of anomaly, improving accuracy of metering data as well as eliminating metering objections scientifically and effectively so as to provide technical supports for hot metal balance between iron-making and steel-making processes, reduce the costs of per ton of steel, improve product quality and benefits as well as help the fine management of each factory and mine.

The independent research and development has been carried out by Baotou Steel according to the technical requirements of steel for protective base plate of special vehicle for users. Its reasonable chemical compositions, rolling and quenching and tempering processes are designed as well as the microstructure is determined and mechanical properties are analyzed. The results showed that its mechanical properties were excellent, yield strength was 730~770 MPa, tensile strength was 826~860 MPa, elongation after fracture was 18.0%~20.0% and low temperature impact absorbing energy at -40 ℃ was 203~256 J, which could meet the technical requirements of users.

In the paper, it is introduced the organizational structure of remote centralized control system for air-compress station in Power Supply General Plant of Baotou Steel and applications of intelligent control system for power pipe network. A type of automatic control system suitable for remote control of air compressor is developed through exploring the processing properties of air compressor. Its applications in the performance control, anti-surge control and loop decoupling control of air compressor could make air compressor stabler and safer in remote operation.

During the operation of generator set in a plant, there is the problem that the current of exciting carbon brush for generator is unbalanced as well as the current and temperature of carbon brush are high. The factors for unbalance of current for carbon brush are such as the low quality of carbon brush itself, mixed application of multiple-model carbon brushes and increase of contact resistance during operation of carbon brush through analysis. As a result, such improvement measures as replacing high-quality carbon brush with the same model and batch, adjusting spring pressure of brush holder for carbon brush as well as strictly implementing assembly process of carbon brush. Moreover, the corresponding preventive measures are put forward. After the improvement, the problem of unbalance of current for exciting carbon brush of generator is obviously improved.

In the article, a type of FeMnAlC series of low density steel is designed. Its tensile strengths of rolling direction (RD) and transverse direction (TD) are both greater than 1 300 MPa as well as it is with higher elongation. On the basis of ensuring stable high strength and toughness of the material, the corrosion behaviors of FeMnAlC series of low density steel in the simulated naval air environment with high temperature, humidity and salt spray are studied through the indoor accelerated test with alternation of wetting and drying as well as the tests with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to provide the references for evaluating corrosion resistance of the new generation of high strength low density steel.