Atherosclerosis（AS）is fundamentally rooted in Qi deficiency，with phlegm and blood stasis as its key pathological products. The mutual entanglement of phlegm and blood stasis leading to vascular obstruction is its main pathological manifestation.Effective monomers，herbal pairs，and compound prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine that tonify Qi，resolve phlegm，activate blood，and unblock collaterals can intervene in the progression of AS through mechanisms such as anti-inflammation，antioxidation，regulation of lipid metabolism，inhibition of cell apoptosis，and improvement of vascular endothelial function，demonstrating the significant advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of AS.The method of benefiting Qi，resolving phlegm，and removing stasis serves as a potential strategy for early intervention in AS and plays an important role in preventing complications such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.In the future，the methodology and evaluation system for integrating traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）syndromes with animal models should be further improved. By incorporating findings from modern medical research，the mechanisms of″Qi deficiency，Phlegm and blood stasis″should be explored in depth.At the same time，multicenter，large -sample clinical trials should be conducted to uncover the correlation rules between TCMsyndromes and modern medicine，aiming to provide objective evidence and new insights for the early prevention of atherosclerosis，drug development，optimization of TCM diagnostic and treatment standards，and individualized therapy.