Sleep disorders are increasingly prevalent within the population, and optimal sleep is essential for overall health. The sleep-wake cycle is a multifaceted process influenced by a variety of factors, including several neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, histamine, dopamine, orexin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The activity of these neurotransmitters is further modulated by numerous nutrients involved in their metabolic pathways. In recent years, GABA has garnered significant attention due to its critical role in sleep regulation. This review aims to examine the mechanisms through which GABA affects sleep, its clinical implications, as well as recent advancements in research and future directions in this field.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |