To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine on the expression of NLR family CARD domain containing-3（NLRC3）, a nucleotide oligomeric domain like receptor, in rats with ventilator-associated lung injury（VILI）.

A total of 36 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, and dexmedetomidine group（n=12 in each group）. VILI model were made by mechanical ventilation with a ventilator. The dexmedetomidine group was intravenously injected with dexmedetomidine 5 μg·kg^-1 at 20 minutes before VILI, then maintain a dose of 5 μg·kg^-1·h^-1. The normal control group and model group received continuous intravenous infusion of 0.5 mL·kg^-1·h^-1 of physiological saline. The pathological results of lung tissue in each group of rats were observed under the light microscope and the wet dry weight ratio of lung tissue was detected. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect of protein and mRNA expression of NLRC3, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 protein（NLRP3）, apoptosis associated speck-like protein containing a CARD domain（ASC）, caspase-1, and NF-κB p65. The protein level of IL-1β、IL-18 and IL-33 in serum were detected by ELISA.

Compared with the normal control group, severe pathological damage in the lung tissue were showed in the model group, the wet to dry weight ratio and IQA of lung tissue increased significantly（P<0.05）.NLRC3 protein and mRNA expression in lung tissue down regulated（P<0.05）, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and NF-κB p65 protein and mRNA upregulated significantly（P<0.05）, and the concentration of IL-1β、 IL-18 and IL-33 in serum increased significantly（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group, the pathological damage of lung tissue in the dexmedetomidine group showed reduced, and the wet to dry weight ratio and IQA of lung tissue decreased（P<0.05）, the expression of NLRC3 protein and mRNA in lung tissue increased significantly（P<0.05）, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and NF-κB p65 protein and mRNA downregulated（P<0.05）, the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33 reduced significantly（P<0.05）.

Dexmedetomidine improves VILI in rats by upregulating the expression of NLRC3 in lung tissue, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

To visually analyze the research hotspots and trends of Sparganii Rhizoma in the past 10 years based on the knowledge mapping method to provide references for future research in this field.

The research on Sparganii Rhizoma from January 1st, 2012 to January 1st, 2022 were selected from CNKI, and the sample literature included in the study was analyzed using CiteSpace software, and the annual publication volume, author collaboration network,institutional collaboration network, keyword co-occurrences, keyword clustering, and keyword emergent mapping were drawn.

A total of 592 papers were included, and the annual publication volume was relatively stable. The team represented by SHI HY, HOU RJ and LIANG QL was formed, and there was less cooperation among institutions. The keywords with higher frequency include data mining, medication law, Sparganii Rhizoma, etc., forming 10 clusters. The research hotspots mainly focus on gynecological diseases and tumors, clinical research, mechanism of action, etc. The keyword emergence analysis obtained a total of 43 emergent words, with more research on data mining, clinical research, and treatment of tumors and gynecological diseases, and the laboratory research pays more attention to the extraction of the active ingredient and its active ingredients and the mechanism of action. Laboratory studies paid more attention to the extraction of active ingredients and their active components.

In recent years, the research hotspots of Sparganii Rhizoma mainly focuses on the clinical medication for gynecological and oncological diseases, and gradually extends to the treatment of refractory diseases such as organ fibrosis. In the future, the research direction of Sparganii Rhizoma will tend to be more towards the research of the target mechanism and the summary of the law of medication.

To study the effect of butylphthalide on oxidative stress indicators and its signaling pathway related factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

A total of 100 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the hospital from August 2020 to April 2021 were divided into control group and study group by stratified blocked randomization method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group underwent conventional treatment, and the study group was treated with butylphthalide injection （100 mL, iv gtt, bid） for 14 d on the basis of conventional treatment. The two groups were compared in terms of neurological impairment score, oxidative stress indicators, related signaling pathway factors, nerve injury markers, C-reactive protein （CRP） and low-density lipoprotein （LDL） levels, as well as clinical efficacy and safety before and after treatment.

There were 3 cases in the control group and 2 cases in the study group dropped out during treatment. Finally, 47 cases in the control group and 48 cases in the study group were included respectively. After treatment, the level of malondialdehyde in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group, while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）; the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （Keap1） mRNA in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while nuclear factor E2 related factor （Nrf2） and antioxidant response element （ARE）mRNA were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The levels of CRP and LDL in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and the levels of myelin basic protein, neuron-specific enolase, and S100 calcium binding protein B in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group （96% vs. 81%, P<0.05）, with no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （6% vs. 8%, P>0.05）.

Butylphthalide is effective in the treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction, which may inhibit oxidative stress and relieve neurological damage through affecting the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, and also has the advantage of regulating lipid metabolism abnormalities and reducing inflammation in the body.

To evaluate the influences of vitamin D₂ injection on serum 25-hydroxyvitmin D （25（OH）D） and immune function in men with vitamin D deficiency aged 80 and over.

A total of 48 men with vitamin D deficiency aged 80 and over were given intramuscular vitamin D₂ 600 000 IU every month until the serum 25（OH）D reached and over 30 µg·L^-1. The levels of serum 25（OH）D₂, 25（OH）D₃, T lymphocyte cells （including CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺）, B lymphocyte cells （CD19⁺）, and blood calcium and phosphorus were detected before and after treatment. And adverse reactions were observed.

A total of 40 patients completed the study. It took （6.2±1.4） months for 25（OH）D to reach targeted serum concentration. Compared with those before treatment, the serum levels of 25（OH）D₂ after the treatment increased by （27.42±5.47） µg·L^-1, 25（OH）D₃ decreased by （5.25±3.38） µg·L^-1, and the total 25（OH）D increased by （22.45±6.15） µg·L^-1 （all P<0.01）. And the serum levels of CD4⁺ T cells increased by （3.71±6.26）%, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ increased 0.31±0.93, and CD19⁺ B cell increased by （1.50±3.31）% （all P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in serum CD3⁺ T cells, alanine aminotransferase, blood glucose, creatinine, calcium, and phosphorus before and after the treatment （P>0.05）. No severe adverse drug reactions occurred during the treatment.

Vitamin D₂ injection is helpful for increasing serum 25（OH）D₂ levels and regulating immune function in men with vitamin D deficiency aged 80 and over.

To know the current status of clinical trial institutions on psychiatric specialty in China since the drug clinical trial institution registration came into force.

By searching for the psychiatric professional institutions and investigators registrated in the drug clinical trial institution filing management information platform and clinical trial data of psychiatric drugs published on the official website of the National Medical Products Administration, the regional distribution of psychiatric drug clinical trial institutions, principal investigators, and the number and types of clinical trials were statistically analyzed.

After the implementation of the filing system, as of March 10, 2023, there were a total of 104 psychiatric professional filing institutions in China, distributed in 26 provincial-level administrative regions across the country, with a total of 927 registered researchers. Except for one psychiatric hospital, which was a second level hospital, all other hospitals were third level hospitals. A total of 91 institutions had undertaken 122 clinical trials, and among the top ten institutions in terms of project quantity, there were 9 psychiatric hospitals.

The psychiatric departments of the tertiary comprehensive hospitals are the main force for clinical trial institutions registration, but in terms of undertaking clinical trials, specialized psychiatric hospitals have the main advantage, and there are problems such as uneven distribution of registered institutions regions, registered investigators, and the number of clinical trials undertaken.

To observe the effect of vonoprazan quadruple 14-day therapy on Helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection.

A total of 120 Hp positive patients were included and divided into treatment group and control group, 60 cases in each group. The treatment group was given vonoprazan 20 mg + bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg + amoxicillin 1 000 mg+ furazoldone 100 mg, and the control group was given omeprazole 20 mg+ amoxicillin 1 000 mg+ bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg+ furazoldone 100 mg, twice a day for 14 days. The ¹⁴C-urea breath test was performed in all patients 4 to 6 weeks after the course of treatment, and the eradication rate of Hp and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups were observed respectively.

Among the 120 patients included, there were 57 males and 63 females, aged from 20 to 69 years old, with an average age of （37.9±5.4） years. The Hp eradication rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group （97% vs. 80%, P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P > 0.05）.

Quadruple 14-day therapy with vonoprazan is a safe and highly effective treatment for Hp eradication and can be used as a first- and second-line treatment.

To study the effect of a single dose of dexamethasone on reversal of rocuronium deep neuromuscular blockade （NMB） by sugammadex.

A total of 80 patients undergoing laparoscopic colon surgeries under general anesthesia were selected, with ASA Ⅰ- Ⅱ, and not taking steroid drug medication. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups with 40 cases in each group. Before anesthesia induction, the trial group was given dexamethasone 0.15 mg·kg^-1, and the control group was given the same amount of chloride sodium injection. The induction and maintenance programs of anesthesia were the same in both groups. Rocuronium was administered intravenously for 5 - 10 µg·kg^-1·min^-1 to maintain deep muscle relaxation, and the post-tetanic count （PTC） was maintained at 0 - 2. After operation, all patients were immediately intravenously injected with sugammadex at a dose of 2 mg·kg^-1 when PTC was 1 - 2. The time for train of four-ratios （TOFR） to reach 0.9, extubation time and occurrence of adverse reactions were recorded.

The time of TOFR recovery to 0.9, extubation time and post-anesthesia care unit （PACU） residence time were （6.0±0.7）,（7.5±0.5） and （36.8±5.8） min in the control group, and （6.0±0.6）, （7.7±0.5） and （39.7±6.2） min in the trial group, respectively，with no significant differences between the two groups （P>0.05）. There were no differences in mean arterial pressure and heart rate between the two groups before surgery, at the time of sugammadex administration, and 5 and 10 min after administration （P>0.05）. No adverse reactions occurred in the both groups.

Dexamethasone 0.15 mg·kg^-1 has no significant effect on the reversal of deep NMB by sugammadex.