To explore the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, providing scientific evidences for the prevention and control of childhood obesity.

A total of 2 432 mother-child pairs with maternal lipid tests during pregnancy and offspring's physical growth data at 3 years of age were included from the Borin in Guangzhou Cohort Study up to September 2021. Lipid indicators, including high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), were measured at 13-19⁺⁶ weeks (mid-pregnancy) and 32-39⁺⁶ weeks (late pregnancy). Children's body mass index (BMI) Z score were calculated according to the World Health Organization's growth standards for children under 5 years old. The lipid Z score were divided into four quartiles: Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and offspring's BMI Z score at 3 years of age. Poisson regression with a robust error variance was employed to evaluate the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the at-risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, after adjusting for maternal age at conception, education level, parity, pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational diabetes mellitus.

There was a statistically significnt difference in the detection rate of overweight and obesity risk among children with different mothers's pre-pregnancy BMI (χ²=22.85, P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that TG levels in late-pregnancy were positively related to BMI Z score (β=0.10, 95%CI=0.02-0.18, P < 0.05). Poisson regression with a robust error variance indicated that, compared with the Q1 group of TC, the Q4 group of TC in mid-pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age (RR=1.59, 95%CI=1.04-2.44); compared with the Q1 group of TG, the Q4 group of TG during late-pregnancy increased the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age (RR=1.79, 95%CI=1.02-3.12) (both P < 0.05).

Maternal serum TC level during mid-pregnancy can increase the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age. Maternal serum TG levels during late-pregnancy is positively correlated with BMI and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age.

To evaluates the association between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and offspring risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), providing theoretical evidence for early-life MASLD prevention.

An online search was conducted across ten databases (CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PROSPERO, PQDT Global, ScienceDirect) for research literature on the association between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and the development of MASLD in offspring, with the search period spanning from January 2014 to December 2024. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed study quality. Statistical analysis was performed using R 4.3.3.

Ten studies involving 10 229 participants were included, comprising 4 cohort studies and 6 case-control studies. Cohort studies showed that maternal overweight and obesity significantly increased offspring MASLD risk (RR=1.59, 95%CI=1.06-2.39, P < 0.05), with moderate heterogeneity (I²=56.9%, P=0.07). Case-control studies indicated a positive association between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and offspring risk of MASLD(OR=2.00, 95%CI=1.68-2.39, P < 0.05), with low heterogeneity (I²=48.8%, P=0.08).

Maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy positively correlates with offspring MASLD risk. Gestational weight management may reduce the risk.

To analyze the relationship between body mass index(BMI) during pre-pregnancy, maternal lipid levels during early pregnancy and childhood overweight and obesity, as well as the mediating role of maternal lipid levels during early pregnancy in pre-pregnancy BMI and childhood overweight and obesity, providing scientific evidence for developing obesity prevention strategies in preschool children.

Using data from Peking University Birth Cohort in Tongzhou (PKUBC-T) collected between June 2018 and September 2022, the study included 1 292 mother-child pairs. Participants were stratified into two groups based on children's BMI-Z scores at age 3: an overweight/obesity risk group (BMI-Z>1, n=173) and a non-overweight/obesity risk group (BMI-Z≤1, n=1 119).Multivariate Logistic regression was conducted to analyze the associations between pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal lipid levels[total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C] during early pregnancy and childhood overweight and obesity. The mediating effect of maternal lipid levels during early pregnancy on pre-pregnancy BMI and childhood overweight and obesity was further explored.

There were statistically significant differences in pregnancy BMI levels, early pregnancy blood LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C levels between the overweight and obesity risk group and the non overweight and obesity risk group (χ²/Z=19.01, 2.48, 2.48, 2.71, all P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that pre-pregnancy BMI, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C in early pregnancy were significantly associated with childhood overweight and obesity (OR=1.09, 1.42, 1.49, 1.60, all P < 0.05). LDL-C, TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C in early pregnancy played a significant mediating role on pre-pregnancy BMI and childhood obesity and the mediating effects accounted for 7.3%, 10.2%, 23.5% of the total effects, respectively (all P < 0.05).

Maternal hyperlipidemia during early pregnancy partially mediated the association between pre-pregnancy obesity and childhood obesity. Both pre-pregnancy obesity and maternal hyperlipidemia during early pregnancy are risk factors for obesity in preschool children.

To analyze the impact of maternal metal exposure during early pregnancy on the physical development of offspring at 1 and 3 years of age, so as to provide scientific evidence for reducing the adverse effects of heavy metals on their health.

From 2024 to 2018, a total of 1 588 mother-child pairs from the Jiangsu Birth Cohort (JBC) were included in this study. Multiple linear regression models, generalized estimating equations (GEE), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models were used to assess the associations between 24 urinary metal mass concentrations (adjusted for specific gravity, SG) during early pregnancy and offspring growth outcomes, including length/height-for-age Z-score(HAZ), weight-for-age Z-score(WAZ), weight-for-length/height Z-score(WHZ), and head circumference-for-age Z-score(HCAZ) at 1 and 3 years of age.

After adjusting for confounders, GEE analysis revealed that each natural log-unit increase in maternal urinary concentrations of vanadium, tin, cerium, lead, and uranium during early pregnancy was associated with an average reduction in HCAZ by 14.29%, 4.82%, 2.62%, 5.04%, and 8.33%, respectively, at 1 and 3 years of age (FDR-P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that increased urinary vanadium concentration was associated with reduced HAZ at 1 year of age, while increased urinary concentrations of vanadium, chromium, tin, antimony, and uranium were associated with reduced HCAZ at 1 year of age (FDR-P < 0.05). In the WQS regression model, each unit increase in the WQS index was associated with a 22.64% reduction in HCAZ at 1 year of age, with tin (22.2%) contributing the highest weight, followed by uranium (16.2%), lead (11.5%), vanadium (10.0%), arsenic (6.5%), and chromium (5.0%).

Prenatal exposure to specific metals and their mixtures may significantly impact the physical development of offspring at 1 and 3 years of age, particularly head circumference. These findings highlight the need to enhance monitoring of maternal metal exposure during early pregnancy to reduce the potential health risks posed by environmental metal pollution to infants and young children.

To identify optimal recommendations for 24-hour movement behaviors in relation to obesity indicators among children and adolescents, so as to provide scientific evidences for targeted obesity prevention strategies.

From April to June 2024, 242 participants (96 children aged 6-11, 146 adolescents aged 12-18) were recruited from two schools(one combined junior and senior high school, one consistent school for 12 years) in Tianjin for performing physical examination. Obesity indicators including body mass index Z-scores (BMI Z), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage (FAT), and fat mass index (FMI) were measured. Measurement of 24-hour movement behaviors using an accelerometer, comprised moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep (SLP). The optimal movement duration and interval for children and adolescents were determined through optimal time zone analysis.

Significant associations were found between 24-hour movement behaviors and BMI Z(F=2.35) and WHR (F=3.55) in children, as well as BMI Z(F=3.57), FAT (F=2.44), and WHR (F=3.61) in adolescents (all P < 0.05). The results of optimal time zone analysis showed that optimal daily durations were MVPA 63(40-70) min, LPA 257(220-270) min, SB 467(390-600) min, SLP 653(590-680) min for children, and MVPA 65(40-70) min, LPA 262(220-270) min, SB 484(440-600) min, SLP 629(510-670) min for adolescents.

The recommended amount of 24-hour movement for children and adolescents based on obesity indicators could provide reference for informing the development of Chinese-specific guidelines, and promote healthy lifestyles among children and adolescents.

To investigate the cross-sectional association between bedroom nocturnal light exposure and objectively measured sleep parameters in college students, so as to provide evidence for promoting sleep health.

From September to October 2019, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 365 healthy college students from two universities in Hefei, establishing a cohort. Bedroom nocturnal light exposure was measured at the individual level for two consecutive days using a portable illuminometer (TES-1339R; Taishi Corp, Taiwan, China). Sleep parameters were objectively measured over seven consecutive days using wrist-worn accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X-BT, Pensacola, FL). Multiple linear regression models were employed to examine the association between nocturnal light exposure and sleep parameters.

Compared to the low nocturnal light exposure (< 3 lx) group, the high-exposure (≥3 lx) group exhibited significantly lower sleep efficiency[(93.5±2.7)%, (92.2±2.9)%, t=3.93], longer wake after sleep onset (WASO)[(24.7±90.3)(29.2±11.2)min, t=-3.66], higher movement index(11.0±3.6, 12.2±3.8, t=-2.80), and higher sleep fragmentation index(20.5±6.5, 23.0±7.0, t=-3.24) (all P < 0.01). After adjusting for covariates, multiple linear regression showed that, compared to the low nocturnal light exposure group, the high-exposure group had reduced sleep efficiency (β=-1.15, 95%CI=-1.78 to -0.52), increased WASO [β(95%CI)=3.94(1.55-6.33)], higher movement index[β(95%CI)=1.05(0.20-1.89)], and elevated sleep fragmentation index[β(95%CI)=2.35(0.81-3.88)](all P < 0.05).

Light exposure at night negatively impacts college students' sleep. Optimizing bedroom lighting management may improve sleep quality in adolescents.

To explore the latent class characteristics and related factors of health-risk behaviors among higher vocational college students (referred to as vocational students) in the Wuling Mountain Area, so as to provide references for promoting their healthy development and formulating effective intervention measures.

From April to June 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to survey 1 737 students from three higher vocational colleges in the Wuling Mountain Area (Xiangxi in Hunan, Enshi in Hubei, and Tongren in Guizhou). The study employed the Health-risk Behavior Questionnaire for College Students, the Parent-Child Relationship Scale, the Social Support Scale, and the School Connection Scale for data collection. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to examine the heterogeneous distribution characteristics of health-risk behaviors among vocational students, and multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the related factors of latent classes.

The LCA results identified three latent classes based on 12 health-risk behaviors: the comprehensive high-risk group (151 students, 8.7%), the psychological distress group (883 students, 50.8%), and the low-risk group (703 students, 40.5%). The distribution of latent classes showed statistically significant differences in gender and only-child status (χ²=121.25, 9.85, both P < 0.05). The low-risk group scored higher in parent-child relationship (29.26±6.19), social support (63.98±18.16), and school connection (35.97±7.71) compared to the comprehensive high-risk group (27.28±6.03, 57.67±15.60, 32.97±7.55) and the psychological distress group (27.52±5.19, 62.06±14.54, 33.80±6.14) (F=20.37, 23.51, 9.89, all P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that boys(OR=3.29) were more likely to belong to the comprehensive high-risk group, social support (OR=0.03, 0.21) and school connection (OR=0.92, 0.96) were less likely to belong to both the comprehensive high-risk and psychological distress groups (all P < 0.05).

There are three potential categories of health-harmful behaviors among vocational college students in Wuling Mountain Area. Schools, families and society should enhance the levels of parent-child relationship, school connections and social support for vocational college students of different categories to promote their physical and mental health development.

To investigate the awareness of core tuberculosis (TB) knowledge and the willingness to TB preventive intervention among secondary school students in Lanzhou City, so as to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of TB in schools.

From April to June 2024, a total of 1 127 secondary school students from 8 schools in 4 districts (counties) of Lanzhou City were recruited by stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on the awareness of core TB knowledge and the willingness for preventive intervention against latent tuberculosis infection. Data were analysed using χ² test and binary Logistic regression model.

The overall awareness rate of core TB knowledge among secondary school students in Lanzhou City was 74.48%, while only 25.91% demonstrated awareness of all core knowledge items. The lowest awareness was observed for the item "tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease" (61.84%). About 94.85% of the students reported willingness to receive preventive interventions after a diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection. Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that students whose father's education was junior high school (OR=3.14, 95%CI=1.22-8.08), senior high school or secondary vocational school (OR=3.55, 95%CI=1.16-10.86) had a higher willingness to receive preventive interventions than those whose father's education was primary school or below (both P < 0.05). In addition, students who recognized "suspected tuberculosis" were also more likely to express willingness to receive preventive interventions (OR=1.96, 95%CI=1.01-3.80, P < 0.05).

The total awareness rate of core TB knowledge among secondary school students in Lanzhou City is low; willingness to receive preventive interventions for latent tuberculosis infection is high and it is related to father's literacy and core TB knowledge level.

To analyse the influence path of family economic status on adolescent depressive symptoms, and to explore the chained mediation role of peer relationship and self-satisfaction, as well as the moderating effect of the parent-child relationship, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of adolescent depressive symptoms.

Data were obtained from the Database of Youth Health (DYH) in the National Population Health Science Data Center, and a total of 11 277 samples were included. Questionnaires were used to obtain information on family economic status, peer relationship, self-satisfaction, parent-child relationship and depressive symptoms. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine correlations among variables. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to analyze effects of family economic status and parent-child relationship on depressive symptom scores. The Process macro program was adopted to test the chained mediating effects of peer relationship and self-satisfaction and the moderating effect of parent-child relationship.

The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms among adolescents was 24.2%. The prevalence rates of depressive symptoms significantly differed among adolescents with different family economic status and places of residence(χ²=210.12, 4.18, both P < 0.05). Adolescents with depressive symptoms had significantly lower scores on peer relationship, self-satisfaction, and parent-child relationship compared to those without depressive symptoms (t=27.76, 42.43, 31.12, all P < 0.05). Family economic status were negatively correlated with adolescent depressive symptom scores (B=-0.12, P < 0.05).Parent-child relationship was negatively correlated with depressive symptom scores (B=-0.02, P < 0.05). After introducing the parent-child relationship, the negative effect of family economic conditions was reduced (B=-0.08, P < 0.01). Family economic conditions affected depressive symptoms through the chained mediating pathway involving peer relationship (B=2.07) and self-satisfaction (B=3.88)(both P < 0.05). The parent-child relationship moderated this pathway: under conditions of high-quality parent-child relationship, the effect of family economic status on peer relationships was weaker (B=0.15); under low-quality parent-child relationship, the positive effect of family economic status on peer relationships was enhanced (B=1.15) (both P < 0.01).

Family economic status exert both direct and chain-mediating effects on adolescent depression, and high-quality parent-child relationship can play a protective moderation role. For economically disadvantaged families, it is critical to synergistically enhance parent-child relationship and social support in order to reduce depression risk among adolescents.

To explore the mediating effect of life meaning and subjective well-being during college students' values influence depression, providing insights for reducing college students' depression.

Utilizing a longitudinal approach, the study employed four scales of assessing Chinese adolescent values, sense of life meaning, subjective well-being, and depression to conduct a two-year follow-up survey of 576 university students (September 2021 T1; September 2023 T2). Three multiple chained mediation models were constructed and analyzed using PROCESS Model 6.

Across the two waves, students' endorsement of collective responsibility [(3.74±0.67)(3.64±0.65)] and self-improvement [(3.78±0.75)(3.54±0.73)] decreased, while personal happiness [(3.46±0.77)(3.70±0.71)] and depression levels [(0.92±0.43)(0.99±0.50)] increased. Personal happiness T1 negatively predicted depression T2 (β=-0.21) by enhancing subjective well-being T2 (β=0.20), with a mediation effect of -0.04 (95%CI=-0.07 to -0.02)(all P < 0.01). Self-improvement T1 negatively predicted depression T2(β=-0.08, -0.20) by increasing sense of life meaning T2 (β=0.49) and through a serial mediation (sense of life meaning T2 →subjective well-being T2, β=0.29), with mediation effects of -0.04 (95%CI=-0.06 to -0.02) and -0.03 (95%CI=-0.04 to -0.02)(all P < 0.01). Collective responsibility negatively T1 predicted depression T2 (β=-0.08, -0.21) via separate pathways (sense of life meaning T2: β=0.29; subjective well-being T2: β=0.17) and a serial mediation (sense of life meaning T2→ subjective well-being T2, β=0.28), with mediation effects of -0.02 (95%CI=-0.04 to -0.01), -0.04 (95%CI=-0.07 to -0.01) and -0.02 (95%CI=-0.03 to -0.01)(all P < 0.01).

The three values influence depression through distinct psychological mechanisms, providing a basis for mental health interventions and values education.