Latest ArticlesModern biotechnologies are playing an increasingly vital role in the genetic improvement of cattle. This paper reviewed the principles, characteristics, and applications of three major biological breeding techniques--gene editing, genomic selection, and comparative genomics in cattle breeding. It evaluated their advantages and limitations in enhancing growth performance, milk and meat quality, disease resistance, and reproductive efficiency. Based on recent research advances, the paper also discussed strategies for selecting and applying these technologies in practical breeding programs. The goal is to provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the development of new cattle breeds and lines, thereby promoting efficient, precise, and sustainable cattle production.
Under the background of the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, digital transformation has become a crucial pathway for China's dairy enterprises to achieve high-quality development. This paper employed a mixed-method approach combining empirical research and case study analysis to systematically investigate the impact of digital transformation on the financial performance of China's dairy enterprises. Using panel data from 24 A-share and H-share listed dairy companies in China from 2016 to 2024, a two-way fixed effects model is constructed for empirical testing. The results revealed a significant U-shaped nonlinear relationship between digital transformation and long-term corporate financial performance. In the initial stage of transformation, the high costs of digital construction exert a negative impact on financial performance; however, as digital transformation deepens, its positive effects gradually emerge, significantly enhancing financial performance. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the impact of digital transformation on financial performance is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises. Furthermore, this study conducted a horizontal comparative analysis of four leading dairy enterprises—Yili Group, Mengniu Dairy, Bright Dairy, and Tianrun Dairy—using DuPont financial analysis, Palip financial analysis, and operating cash flow analysis to assess their financial performance in 2023 and 2024. The findings showed that factors such as improper post-merger integration, asset impairment provisions, high tax burdens, and low conversion efficiency of operating cash flow contribute to significant fluctuations in financial performance. Based on these findings, this paper proposed policy recommendations including strengthening post-merger integration management, promoting product diversification and brand building, and improving ESG governance. This study provided theoretical insights and practical guidance for optimizing digital transformation pathways and enhancing financial performance in China's dairy industry.
This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of replacing Tiankang 7818 (corn crushed with a 2.0 Φ screen) with Tiankang 682AT-3 (corn crushed with a 1.0 Φ screen) in the diet on milk yield, dry matter intake, and feed conversion efficiency of lactating dairy cows.
A total of 270 healthy Holstein cows with similar parity and an average milk yield of 35 kg were selected for a self-control experiment. The cows were fed with the diet containing corn crushed by 2.0 Φ screen before the experiment. The experimental period was 21 days, including a 7-day pre-feeding period and a 14-day formal feeding period. Milk yield and dry matter intake were recorded throughout the experiment, and feed conversion efficiency was calculated.
The results showed that compared with the control group, the average daily milk yield of lactating cows fed with Tiankang 682AT-3 increased significantly by 0.99 kg (P < 0.05), the dry matter intake decreased slightly by 0.24 kg (-0.89%), and the feed conversion efficiency increased from 1.306 to 1.355 (+3.75%). Moreover, when the corn particle size in the concentrate feed decreased from 2.0 Φ to 1.0 Φ, the cost per kilogram of milk was reduced by 0.07 yuan/kg.
Reducing the corn particle size in dairy cow diet from 2.0 Φ to 1.0 Φ could significantly increase milk yield, improve feed conversion efficiency and reduce breeding costs, but it would cause a slight decrease in milk quality. Ranches could comprehensively evaluate the economic benefits combined with the milk price system (such as milk component pricing method) to select the appropriate corn particle size rationally. This study provided theoretical basis and data support for the selection of suitable corn particle size in dairy cow diet.
This paper reviewed the current research status of products combining wolfberry and milk, and systematically analyzed the interaction mechanism between the two and the progress in product development and application research. Firstly, the main bioactive substances contained in wolfberry and their nutritional values were summarized, as well as the key nutrients affected by wolfberry in milk. Secondly, the potential of wolfberry-milk composite system in terms of nutritional complementarity and functional synergy was analyzed, and the current research and development status of related products was reviewed. Studies have showed that this composite product can significantly enhance the nutritional value of milk. However, key issues such as the interaction mechanism, bioavailability in the body, and the stability of active components during processing still need to be further explored. This paper innovatively proposed the development ideas for wolfberry-milk products, and looked forward to conducting research in the future focusing on aspects such as processing stability, active substance retention, and clarification of the mechanism of action, in order to promote the scientific development and industrial application of this type of functional dairy products.
Through correlation analysis, to reveal the correlations between proteins, non-fat milk solids, IgA, IgM, conjugated linoleic acid in yak milk from Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gannan, Gansu Province (referred to as "Gan Nan Prefecture") and the altitude, temperature, and precipitation of the region.
The contents of protein, non-fat milk solids, IgA, IgM, and conjugated linoleic acid in yak milk in regions of Gonghe City in 2023, Maqu County, Luqu County, Xiahe County and Zhuoni County in Gan Nan Prefecture were determined.
The average protein content in yak milk in 5 regions of Gannan Prefecture was 4.45%, the average non-fat milk solids was 10.49%, the average content of IgA was 2.044 μg/ml, the average content of IgM was 17.129 μg/ml, and the average content of conjugated linoleic acid was 1.326 mg/g.
The protein and non-fat milk solids content in the yak milk from Gannan Prefecture were significantly negatively correlated with the average maximum temperature in August and the annual average low temperature; the IgA content was significantly positively correlated with the annual average low temperature; the IgM and conjugated linoleic acid contents were significantly negatively correlated with the total precipitation in August and the annual total precipitation respectively. The results of this study can provide a reference for future research on the relationship between environmental factors and yak milk quality.
This study focused on the optimization of the sample pretreatment process for the determination of iodine content in food by gas chromatography stipulated in "GB 5009.267—2020 Food Safety National Standard Determination of Iodine in Food", aiming to reduce the detection cost, shorten the detection time, and improve the detection efficiency and accuracy.
Replace the separatory funnel with a centrifuge tube to reduce the sample weighing, increase the number of vortexing and centrifugation, and optimize the amount of butanone added to explore the optimal detection method.
The optimized gas chromatography method demonstrated excellent performance in terms of recovery rate, precision, repeatability and detection limit when compared with the gas chromatography method specified in the national standard.
By overcoming the cumbersome problem of pretreatment, the optimized gas chromatography method was possible to accurately and quickly determine the iodine content in milk, and it was suitable for the large-scale detection of iodine content in milk.
To elucidate the pathogenesis of hypocalcemia in perinatal dairy cows, optimize the comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies for the disease, and mitigate its adverse effects on cow health and farm production efficiency, this study systematically reviewed the application principles and practical key points of prevention and treatment methods including modern nutritional regulation, calcium therapy, and traditional Chinese veterinary medicine based on syndrome differentiation, starting from the analysis of etiology and physiological mechanisms; establishing a comprehensive prevention and control system centered on precision nutrition for prevention, rapid calcium therapy for emergencies, and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for supportive care could significantly reduce the incidence of clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia and minimize the risk of secondary perinatal metabolic diseases. This comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy can effectively ensure the physiological health of perinatal cows and improve their lactation and reproductive performance. Among them, the prevention and control concept of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine provides an efficient and sustainable practical pathway for large-scale farms to address the challenge of hypocalcemia.
As a category of special food, the quality and safety of infant formula milk powder directly affected the foundation of national health and the improvement of overall population quality. This paper analyzed the regional distribution features and development status of infant formula milk powder enterprises in China, systematically sorted out the current applicable standards and regulatory requirements at home and abroad, and put forward regulatory proposals in combination with the existing quality and safety conditions of the industry. It also carried out categorized discussions on the key links and existing problems in enterprise production management, and raised targeted improvement suggestions for refined management covering the dimensions of personnel, equipment, materials, methods, environment and inspection. These research results helped infant formula milk powder enterprises accurately identify defects and develop effective solutions, thereby providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the sustainable development of the infant formula milk powder industry.
Thermoduric proteinases are a critical risk factor affecting the quality stability of dairy products. Their thermoduric property makes them difficult to achieve complete inactivation through conventional sterilization processes, thereby leading to protein hydrolysis and sensory quality deterioration of the product during its shelf life. This paper systematically analyzed the microbial sources of thermoduric proteinases (e.g., Pseudomonas, Bacillus) and their thermal stability mechanisms (e.g., hydrophobic interactions, metal ion dependence), and focused on the innovative progress of detection technologies and the bottlenecks encountered in industrial application. Among current detection methods, the colorimetric assays are cost-effective but lack sensitivity, while fluorescence-based techniques (e.g., FRET) offer high sensitivity but are limited by substrate universality. Moreover, the molecular biology (PCR) and immunoassays (ELISA) are difficult to directly reflect the enzymatic activity. Research indicates that future detection technologies will evolve towards a multi-methods integration approach (e.g., LC-MS combined with sensor arrays) and intelligent solutions (e.g., machine learning-assisted decision-making), while also addressing industry pain points such as blind spots in raw material screening, lag in online processing monitoring, and the absence of standards for end products. This paper provided a theoretical foundation for the construction of an efficient and precise thermoduric proteinase detection system, and has significant reference value for the establishing relevant industry standards and the optimization of quality control.
To investigate the antibacterial activities of several antibiotics, hyaluronic acid (HA) alone, and HA combined with penicillin (PEN) against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus).
The susceptibility of 1 standard strain and 9 clinical S.aureus strains isolated from dairy cattle to antimicrobial agents was evaluated using the double-dilution method and the micro-checkerboard method.
The resistance rates of S.aureus to PEN, clindamycin and erythromycin were 90%, 80% and 40%, respectively. No methicillin-resistant strains were detected, and 40% of the strains showed inducible clindamycin resistance. The combination of HA and PEN exhibited either additive effect (FICI 0.5~1.0) or synergistic effect (FICI≤0.5) against all tested S.aureus strains.
The combination of HA and PEN can significantly reduce the effective minimal inhibitory concentration of both agents against S.aureus, which provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of drug-resistant S.aureus infections.
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