Latest ArticlesThe regulation of nutritional immunity in dairy cows is a core aspect of ensuring herd health and enhancing production performance, and precision nutritional intervention has become an important direction in modern dairy farming. The rapid development of multi-omics technologies has provided effective tools for deciphering the complex regulatory mechanisms between nutrition and immunity in dairy cows. This paper systematically reviewed the application progress of multi-omics technologies in areas such as intestinal microecology-immune interactions, immunoregulatory mechanisms of key nutrients, nutritional stress responses, and the formulation of precision nutritional strategies. It further explored the central role of multi-omics technologies in advancing precision regulation of nutritional immunity in dairy cows, offering a reference for healthy dairy farming and high-quality industry development.
To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of a self-formulated traditional Chinese medicine compound on bovine mastitis.
The in vitro antibacterial activity of this compound against the main pathogens causing bovine mastitis was determined, and its clinical efficacy was evaluated.
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the traditional Chinese medicine compound against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae was 31.25 mg/mL, and the MIC against Escherichia coli was 62.5 mg/mL, indicating moderate sensitivity. The results of different drug interventions showed that the high-dose group of the traditional Chinese medicine compound had the highest clinical efficacy and cure rate, reaching 100% and 83.33%, respectively; followed by the antibiotic group, with an efficacy rate of 83.33% and a cure rate of 66.67%; the medium-dose group of the traditional Chinese medicine compound had an efficacy rate of 66.67%; and the low-dose group of the traditional Chinese medicine compound had the worst effect, with an efficacy rate of 50% and a cure rate of 16.67%. After medication, the somatic cell count (SCC) of milk in all groups decreased significantly (P< 0.05) ; among them, the SCC of milk in the medium-dose group, high-dose group, and antibiotic group were all below 200000 cells/mL, namely 19.35±0.32, 11.32±0.44, and 14.52±0.21×104 cells/mL, respectively. Compared with the blank control group, the average daily feed intake of dairy cows in each medication group increased significantly (P<0.05) ; the milk yield of the medium and high dose groups of the traditional Chinese medicine compound increased significantly (P<0.05) , and the milk-to-feed ratio showed an upward trend (P>0.05) .
This traditional Chinese medicine compound can effectively inhibit the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coii, and has a good therapeutic effect on mastitis in dairy cows, which can significantly reduce the somatic cell count of milk; the high-dose compound is more effective than conventional antibiotics, and can also increase the feed intake and milk yield of sick dairy cows, and improve their health status.
To establish an ion chromatography method for the determination of xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol and maltitol in infant formula.
Dionex CarboPacTM MA1 sugar column guard column (4 mm×50 mm) and Dionex CarboPacTM MA1 sugar analysis column (4 mm×250 mm) were used as chromatographic columns, 480mmol/L sodium hydroxide eluent was used for isocratic elution, the flow rate was 0.45mL/min, the injection volume was 10μL, the column temperature was 30℃, and the electrochemical detector was detected.
The mass concentration showed a good linear relationship with its peak area in the range of 0.2~20 μg/mL (r2≥0.99969) , the detection limit was between 0.01~0.20 μg/mL, the average recovery rate was 91.8%~99.1%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was in the range of 0.9%~2.9%.
This method was simple to operate, had high sensitivity and good stability, and could provide a reference for the quality control of infant formula.
This study used white kidney bean cooked powder as the raw material to investigate the effects of the ratio of ingredients on the physicochemical properties, sensory evaluation, and antioxidant activity of white kidney bean plant-based yogurt.
By setting different ratios of ingredients (1∶6, 1∶8, 1∶10, 1∶12, 1∶14) , the pH value, water holding capacity, particle size, zeta potential, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS⁺ free radical scavenging rate) , and sensory evaluation of yogurt were explored.
As the ratio of ingredients decreased, the total soluble solids and total flavonoid contents in the yogurt and its antioxidant activity showed a downward trend, and reached the lowest level at a ratio of 1∶14. When the ratio of ingredients was 1∶10, the system exhibited the best stability and sensory quality, specifically: pH value of 4.48, water holding capacity of 43.60%, particle size of 481.1 nm, zeta potential of 25.59 mV, and sensory evaluation of 81.7 points.
The white kidney bean yogurt prepared under the condition of a 1∶10 ratio of ingredients achieved the optimal balance in terms of physicochemical stability, sensory quality, and antioxidant activity.
This paper reviewed the intrinsic mechanisms through which heat stress affected reproductive performance in dairy cows, scientific assessment methods, and integrated mitigation strategies.It provided an in-depth analysis of the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which heat stress impairs fertility through multiple pathways, including inducing oxidative stress, disrupting endocrine homeostasis, impairing oocyte quality and embryonic development, and interfering with epigenetic programning.The paper explored heat stress assessment systems based on the temperature-humidity index, physiological indicators (such as rectal temperature and respiratory rate) , and behavioral changes, and analyzed their associations with key reproductive traits such as conception rate and the interval to first postpartum ovulation.It comprehensively reviewed current research progress and the potential of strategies to mitigate the negative effects of heat stress, including genetic selection, precise nutritional regulation, environmental improvements, and emerging biotechnologies, offering theoretical foundations and practical guidance for dairy farms to establish efficient heat stress response systems and enhance reproductive efficiency.
Heat stress caused by high temperatures in summer is a key challenge restricting the profitability of dairy farming. It not only reduces milk yield but also significantly impairs the reproductive performance of dairy cows. This paper systematically reviewed the mechanisms by which heat stress damages the physiological functions, endocrine homeostasis, and reproductive performance of dairy cows, with a focus on analyzing the negative effects of high-temperature enviromments on estrus expression, follicular development, early embryonic survival, and pregnancy success rates. Combined with field trial data, this paper elaborates on the application effects of the novel gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue buserelin in scenarios such as fixed-time artificial insemination synchronization, reducing early embryonic mortality, and treating ovarian cysts. The study confirmed that buserelin can significantly alleviate heat stress-induced reproductive damage, improve summer conception rates, and enhance overall reproductive efficiency in dairy cows by regulating the endocrine status, increasing progesterone concentrations, and improving oocyte quality and the uterine environment. This provided a scientifically based practical solution for reproductive management in large-scale farms during summer.
Against the dual backdrop of global warming and China's strategy for revitalizing the dairy industry, ruminant production systems that balance high productivity, high efficiency and low carbon footprint have emerged as a core research topic for the sustainable development of the sector. Centered on the synergistic advancement of intelligent nutritional regulation and green emission reduction, this paper elaborates on the synergistic mechanisms linking ruminant nutrition, animal health and pollutant mitigation from three dimensions: nutritional metabolism, microecological interaction and stress regulation. It systematically reviews the current applications of smart technologies—including Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, big data and machine learning, and intelligent feeding equipment—in precision nutritional management, and analyzes the merits and inherent limitations of closed-loop management enabled by these technologies. This work further highlights technological innovations under the low-carbon breeding framework, such as the exploitation of novel feed resources, application of eco-friendly additives and formulation of low-emission diets, alongside their practical industrial performance. Four pivotal challenges prevailing in this field are identified: fragmented research on the synergistic nutrition-health-emission reduction mechanisms; poor scalability of smart breeding technologies; unsatisfactory economic viability and long-term stability of emission abatement techniques; and the absence of unified integrated evaluation criteria for the industry. To address the above bottlenecks, future research priorities and industrialization pathways are prospected, covering in-depth deployment of multi-omics technologies, development of low-cost intelligent facilities, establishment of differentiated technical frameworks for farms of varying scales, and construction of comprehensive emission assessment systems. This study intends to provide scientific evidence and theoretical support for the intelligent, healthy and green transformation of China's ruminant livestock industry.
To evaluate the application effect of probiotic preparations in the health management of dairy cows, this study took lactating cows from a large-scale dairy farm in Yishui County, Shandong Province, as the research subjects.A controlled trial method was used to systematically analyze the effects of probiotic preparations on the incidence of mastitis, milk quality, and milk production performance.
Healthy lactating Holstein cows were randomly divided into a control group and a probiotic group.The control group was fed a basic diet, while the experimental group received the same diet supplemented with a compound probiotic preparation.The trial lasted for a continuous feeding period.By recording the incidence of mastitis and measuring milk quality indicators (somatic cell count, milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, and lactose percentage) as well as milk production performance indicators (daily milk yield and milk production stability), a comprehensive evaluation of the application effect of the probiotic preparation was conducted.
The results showed that compared with the control group, the incidence of mastitis in the probiotic group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), somatic cell count in milk decreased significantly (P<0.01), and both milk fat and protein percentages increased to varying degrees (P<0.05), while lactose percentage showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The probiotic group showed a higher average daily milk yield than that of the control group, though the difference was not significant (P>0.05), and exhibited better production stability; however, milk production stability was significantly better than that of the control group.Additionally, the probiotic group exhibited a lower incidence of subclinical mastitis compared to the control group, with a corresponding decrease in the average subclinical mastitis score, suggesting a reduced risk of subclinical mastitis.Regarding milk conductivity, the probiotic group demonstrated lower conductivity levels than the control group, indicating that probiotic preparations can alleviate the inflammatory burden on mammary glands and improve overall mammary gland health.
In conclusion, probiotic preparations can reduce the risk of mastitis by improving dairy cow health and reducing mammary gland inflammation, enhance milk quality, and increase lactation stability, demonstrating good potential for practical application and promotion.
Driven by the dual strategies of the comprehensive "antibiotic ban" in feed and the "low-carbon" transformation of animal husbandry developing natural, green and efficient antibiotic-substitute feed additives has become an urgent demand for the sustainable development of the breeding industry. As natural active macromolecules derived from marine algae, algal polysaccharides have become one of the research hotspots in the field of feed additives due to their unique structural characteristics and multi-dimensional biological functions. This paper systematically reviewed the classification, structural characteristics and core biological functions of brown algae, red algae, green algae and microalgae polysaccharides. This paper reviewed the research progress of their application in monogastric animal and ruminant production, focusing on their application potential and mechanisms in regulating rumen fermentation, enhancing immune function, improving lactation performance and maintaining intestinal health in dairy goats. This paper identified the key problems existing in current research and industrial application, and proposed targeted future research directions and industrial application suggestions, aiming to provide a systematic theoretical reference for the scientific application of algal polysaccharides in the green and healthy breeding of dairy goats.
Dairy farming is one of the rural industries that contribute to farmers' prosperity.Smallholder farmers constitute an integral component of the dairy farming sector and play an indispensable role in industrial development. Mostly located in rural areas, they contribute to ensure supply, employment absorption, and the enhancement of farmers'income and welfare.This paper targeted dairy farmers in Liaocheng City with a herd size of fewer than 100 dairy cattle, through questionnaire surveys and field visits, the study investigated the current production and management status of these farmers.The SWOT analysis method is applied to study the development environment of smallholder dairy farmers, synthesize their internal strengths and weaknesses, and analyze external opportunities and threats, thereby construct four strategic combinations: SO, WO, ST, and WT.In light of the overall development trends in China's dairy industry, the SO strategy is prioritized. Accordingly, this paper proposed a series of countermeasures and recommendations to promote the high-quality development ofsmallholder dairy farmers in Liaocheng City, including enhancing consumer demand, advancing standardized production, strengthening the supporting role of science and technology as well as talent development, improving organizational forms, increasing forage supply and breed improvement efforts, establishing a sound market system, and promoting the integrated development of agriculture, culture, and tourism.
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
