Bovine colostrum is the milk secreted by a cow 72 hours after giving birth. It is rich in various bioactive components such as immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and peroxidase, and has significant immune regulatory functions. This paper reviewed the main nutritional components, immune-active components and their content influencing factors in bovine colostrum, and systematically summarized its immune regulatory functions in infants, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Studies have shown that bovine colostrum has the effects of enhancing mucosal immune function, regulating inflammatory responses, reducing the severity of pathogen infections, and maintaining the stability of immune system. As a natural and safe nutritional intervention strategy, bovine colostrum has broad application prospects in enhancing immunity and promoting health maintenance.

bovine colostrum  /  immunity  /  nutritional component  /  immune factor