In order to shorten the identification time of coal spontaneous combustion tendency，firstly，industrial analyzer and temperature programmed test device were used to measure the coal quality index value and the content of coal spontaneous combustion indicator gas at different temperatures. The critical temperature point of low-temperature oxidation was determined by CO volume fraction. Then，the equation between temperature and oxygen consumption rate was fitted through the Arrhenius formula，and the apparent activation energy of each coal sample at different stages before and after the critical temperature was solved. The correlation between the coal quality index value and the apparent activation energy before and after the critical temperature was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient method，and the correlation coefficient was calculated. Finally，the coal quality index value with the largest correlation coefficient was selected，and a multiple linear regression model for calculating the apparent activation energy of coal samples was established to analyze and predict the spontaneous combustion risk of coal. The results show that the correlation coefficients between different components of coal quality and the apparent activation energy before and after the critical temperature are significantly different. The negative correlation coefficients between volatile matter and the apparent activation energy before and after the critical temperature are the largest，which are -0.893 and -0.977 respectively. The positive correlation coefficients between fuel ratio and the apparent activation energy before and after the critical temperature are the largest，which are 0.956 and 0.968 respectively. The fitting degree of the established multiple linear regression model can reach 0.912 5 and 0.933 0.

In order to investigate the effect of smoke evacuation patterns under ambient winds on the safe evacuation of people，taking a terminal building as the subject of the study，the multi-floor area was selected as the data acquisition range，33 control conditions were divided by controlling the smoke exhaust window，and fire dynamics simulator (FDS) software was used to obtain the smoke exhaust effect in the building under different conditions. Further construct wind direction intervals with north winds shifting to east winds via northeast winds to obtain the curve law of wind direction and time to reach hazards，and 0-90° as the high side window opening angle interval to obtain the suitable window opening range，according to the environmental wind to determine and optimize the safe evacuation. The results show that for the smoke exhaust effect in the building，if the high side windows are fully opened，it is conducive to smoke exhaust under no wind and low wind speed. If the wind speed is high，the wind direction perpendicular to the floor alignment is more effective for smoke evacuation. In the wind direction range，the wind direction of 0-70° will promote the smoke exhaust of the high side window，and the wind direction of 30 and 60° is the best，and the wind direction along the floor trend will have smoke backflow. Within the high side window opening angle，a 5-30° down-hung window or full opening window is appropriate. Combined with the time to reach hazards of the wind direction，the evacuation of floor personnel is optimized，and the evacuation time after adjustment is reduced by 10% compared with the unoptimized time.

In case of major security accidents，information disseminated wantonly and difficult to discern in terms of authenticity can easily cause negative social sentiments. This poses several issues to emergency rescue. Sentiment analysis，topic calculation，and the SEIR model were used to investigate online opinion simulation and control strategies for major security accidents. The CDBN-TCN-CRF sentiment analysis model was proposed by coupling the Convolutional Deep Belief Networks (CDBN)，temporal convolutional networks (TCN)，and conditional random fields (CRF). Then，the T-distributed Wasserstein autoencoder (TWAE) topic computation model was used to discern sentiment polarity，topic categories，race sentiment trajectory，and public attention focal points within the network discourse. Furthermore，the proposed SEIR model was used to predict online public opinion tendency and analyze the dissemination dynamics and their influencing factors. The results indicate that the coupling of CDBN-TCN-CRF sentiment analysis，TWAE topic computation，and SEIR model has a better prediction performance on network discourse analysis and trend analysis.

In order to prevent the leakage failure of submarine pipelines，a FDHHFLTS-BN risk analysis method based on FDHHFLTS and BN was proposed to study the probability and key factors of the leakage failure of submarine pipelines. BN was transformed from the fault tree model，and then experts evaluated the probability of basic events according to FDHHFLTS. The best-worst method (BWM) was used to determine the weights of experts，and SAM was used to aggregate the opinions of experts. Finally，based on the constructed Bayesian network model，the probability of accident occurrence was obtained through forward reasoning. Also，the posterior probability was obtained through backward reasoning，and sensitivity was analyzed. Applying the method for the example analysis，the results show that the probability value of the leakage accident of the analyzed submarine pipeline is P=6.20×10^-3. Through sensitivity analysis，construction defect of weld-seam，construction defect of material，and fishing gear interaction can be identified as the key factors for the accident.

To investigate the safety and stability of a proposed substation site in Pingdingshan city，Henan province，and avoid potential risks to the substation caused by the subsidence or tilting of the coal mine goaf，PS-InSAR was utilized to study 45 scenes Sentinel-1A data in Pingdingshan City from 2015 to 2022. A comprehensive analysis of the temporal deformation patterns of nine representative positions of the proposed site was performed. An evaluation mechanism for the safety and stability of the surface site of the coal mine goaf was established based on InSAR monitoring，and the evaluation of the site's safety and stability was completed. The research results demonstrate that the proposed fuzzy PS point selection method based on fuzzy sets theory can overcome the disadvantages of low PS point density，effectively increase the available data for analysis，and enhance the accuracy of monitoring results. After correcting the time series deformation of the representative points in the proposed area based on the reference point，it is found that the overall deformation of the proposed site is small and gradually showing a stable trend，with the maximum settlement of 13.05 mm，the maximum settlement velocity of 5.73 mm/a，and the maximum inclination of 0.070 mm/m. The analysis based on the safety and stability evaluation mechanism reveals that the surface displacement of the coal mine goaf is in a stable state，the substation foundation is in a safe state，and the surface settlement has little influence on the proposed substation. Based on the analysis of three evaluation indicators，the safety and stability level of the ground site on the coal mine goaf is classified as high，and it is feasible to build a substation.

In order to study the evolution characteristics of adsorption of C₂H₄by residual coal in closed area of coal mine goaf，taking non-cohesive coal in Lingxin Coal Mine of Ningxia as the research object，the adsorption of C₂H₄ by coal was tested by volumetric method. The effects of temperature，pressure and particle size on the adsorption capacity，adsorption rate and adsorption thermodynamics were analyzed. The results show that when the temperature is 30-60 ℃，the pressure is 0.15-0.45 MPa and the particle size is 20-120 mesh，the adsorption capacity of C₂H₄ increases with the decrease of temperature，the increase of pressure and the decrease of particle size. The adsorption process changes from fast to slow with time，then tends to equilibrium，and the adsorption rate rapidly tends to 0. When the temperature and particle size are constant，the adsorption rate increases with the increase of equilibrium pressure. When the temperature and pressure are constant，the adsorption rate increases with the decrease of particle size. At the same adsorption capacity，the smaller the particle size is，the lower the equilibrium adsorption heat is. The equivalent adsorption heat of C₂H₄ adsorbed by coal samples with different particle sizes is 0.69-40.23 kJ/mol，which belongs to physical adsorption. The pressure correction coefficient is introduced to fit，and the pressure and particle size are proportional to the reduction of adsorption free energy when the temperature is constant. Under the condition of constant particle size，the temperature is inversely proportional to the decrease of adsorption free energy. The adsorption entropy of C₂H₄ for coal samples with different particle sizes is negative，and the adsorption entropy increases with the increase of adsorption capacity and the decrease of temperature. Under the same adsorption capacity，the larger the particle size，the greater the adsorption entropy.

To fill the research gap，a HVRP for hazardous materials transportation was proposed in this study，aiming at optimizing the three objectives as total risk，total cost and total carbon emissions. Firstly，in the model construction stage，the measurement methods of total cost and total risk were improved，including establishing a loading-dependent risk quantification method for explosion scenarios，and designing a specific soft time window for penalty cost calculation，which could preferentially reduce the waiting time of vehicles with large loads at customers. Then，to better solve the above model，the NSGA-II was improved in two aspects. A hybrid crossover method with new crossover operators was designed to improve the global search efficiency，and a two-stage variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm was adopted to improve the local search ability. Finally，a numerical example was given to verify the effectiveness of the model and algorithm. The results indicate that，compared with the original NSGA-II，the convergence curve of the improved algorithm decreases faster，and the average values of the three optimization objectives of total cost，total risk and total carbon emissions are further reduced by 3.36%，12.16% and 6.96% respectively. In a fleet with limited number of vehicles，the carrier can have different degrees of influence on each target by choosing different vehicle types.

To investigate influences of common distracted driving behaviors on driving performance in the urban environment，three secondary tasks were designed. Sixteen young subjects were recruited. The driving tests were conducted under real conditions. Vehicle longitudinal and lateral driving parameters were measured. The driving performances under normal driving and distracted driving conditions were compared and analyzed，and the influences of driving age on these performances were also discussed. The results show that compared to the normal driving，in all 3 distracted conditions，the standard deviation of longitudinal acceleration and the standard deviation of lateral acceleration increase while vehicle speed decreases. This indicates that drivers compensate for driving performance by speed and maneuver while distracted. The mean speed and the mean longitudinal acceleration are significantly influenced by the talking task，while the standard deviation of speed and the mean lateral acceleration are significantly influenced by reading the advertisement (p<0.05). The standard deviation of speed is significantly higher for experienced drivers compared to novices in the phoning condition (p=0.021). During phoning and advertisement reading tasks，the mean lateral acceleration is significantly higher for experienced drivers compared to novices (p=0.003，p=0.004). This means the experienced drivers are less affected by distracting behaviors.

To evaluate the influence of upper arch deformation on the safety of train operation on ballastless track inside high-speed railway tunnels，the upper arch deformation characteristics of different ballastless tracks were obtained based on measured data. Subsequently，a dynamic calculation model of the coupled system of uplift arch filler layer-ballastless track-vehicle was established. The impact of different upper arch deformation characteristics on the dynamic response of the vehicle was determined by using the calculation model，thereby assessing the safety of high-speed train operation. The results show that the measured wavelength is mainly distributed in 3 to 30 m and the amplitude is mainly distributed in 0 to 8 mm，among which the upper arch deformation is the most prominent with a wavelength of 10 m and an amplitude of 2 mm. When the upper arch wavelength is less than 6 m，the peak value of wheel-rail force is larger，and when the upper arch wavelength is about 12 m，the peak value of vertical acceleration of the vehicle is larger. The upper arch，with a wavelength of about 6 m，has a significant impact on high-speed driving safety and has a certain derailment risk，which should be paid more attention.

In order to explore the contagion mechanism and effect of unsafe behavior information in groups of construction workers，a theoretical model of the contagion mechanism of unsafe behavior information among construction workers was constructed based on social information processing theory，theory of planned behavior，and social contagion theory. In this model，information about workmates' unsafe behaviors was served as the independent variable，and behavioral cognitive factors (i.e. behavioral attitudes，subjective norms，and perceived behavioral control) and unsafe behavioral intentions were served as mediating variables. Through developing measurement scales and creating questionnaires to collect data，the theoretical model was empirically tested based on 271 valid samples using the analysis methods of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results show that workmates' intentional unsafe behaviors and workmates' unsafe communication behaviors can induce new unsafe behaviors through six contagious pathways. Moreover，as a source of contagion，the contagion effect of workmates' intentional unsafe behaviors is greater than that of workmates' unsafe communication behaviors. Managers can effectively control the contagion effect of unsafe behavior information among construction workers by controlling contagion information sources and weakening infectious media.