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Objective: To extract and isolate polysaccharides from Green Fructus Forsythiae and Folium Forsythiae for structural characterization and comparison of their anti-inflammatory activities. Methods: Crude polysaccharides were obtained through extraction and purification processes. Gel permeation chromatography and laser light scattering were used to determine their molecular weight. The MTT assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the polysaccharides, while ELISA was used to measure levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Results: The polydispersity index (PDI) indicated a relatively uniform molecular weight distribution. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that both polysaccharides contained various monosaccharides, with Green Fructus Forsythiae polysaccharide having a higher content of galacturonic acid, while Folium Forsythiae polysaccharide had a higher glucose content. Methylation analysis revealed that polysaccharides in Green Fructus Forsythiae were primarily linked by 4-Gal (p)-UA, while those of Folium Forsythiae polysaccharide were mainly linked by 4-Glc (p). Both polysaccharides significantly inhibited the production of NO and TNF-α induced by LPS while promoting the generation of IL-10, with polysaccharide in Folium Forsythiae showing superior effects compared to Green Fructus Forsythiae polysaccharide. Conclusion: Polysaccharides from Green Fructus Forsythiae and Folium Forsythiae exhibit significant anti-inflammatory activities. This research lays the foundation for the development of Folium Forsythiae resources.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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