With the continuous deepening of the national institutional reform process, the social functions of drug regulatory departments have become increasingly prominent, and there is an urgent need to strengthen the implementation of responsibilities, improve the work framework system, and enhance the effectiveness of drug adverse reaction monitoring. Based on this, this article first introduces the importance of strengthening the monitoring of adverse drug reactions and analyzes the composition of the elements of adverse drug reaction monitoring. On the basis of exploring the current situation and difficult issues of adverse drug reaction monitoring by drug regulatory authorities, combined with relevant practical experience, this paper proposes methods and countermeasures for drug adverse reaction monitoring by drug regulatory authorities under institutional reform, including improving the establishment of monitoring institutions and strengthening the management of reporting units.

Objective To investigate the distribution of Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination in fruits sold in some cities and counties of Hainan Province, and to analyze the isolates for drug resistance, aiming at identifying the risk of foodborne E. coli and evaluating its potential impact on food safety. Methods Isolation and identification of E. coli in samples and detection of drug resistance of E. coli isolates by VITEK 2 method. Results A total of 51 strains of E. coli were isolated from 240 fruit samples, with a detection rate of 21.3%. 19 strains of E. coli were drug-resistant, with a resistance rate of 37.3%, including 7 single-resistant and 12 multi-resistant strains. Comparative analysis of the distribution of E. coli in different regions and fruits showed that fruit species and sampling locations had a significant effect on the distribution of Escherichia coli. Conclusion The distribution of E. coli in commercially available fruits is widespread and drug-resistant, the detection of pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance in fruits should be strengthened, and this study also provides an important reference basis for food safety management and monitoring.

With the development of China’s economy, people’srequirements for water quality are getting higher and higher. In orderto protect water resources, we need to do a good job of water qualitymonitoring, real-time monitoring of water quality indicators, timelyfind the trend of water quality changes, and analysis and prediction.The accurate determination of the permanganate index $\left({\mathrm{{COD}}}_{\mathrm{{Mn}}}\right)$ ,as a key indicator for evaluating the degree of pollution by organicmatter and reductive inorganic matter in water bodies, is of greatsignificance. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the qualitycontrol methods during the determination of permanganate index in waterin order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the results.

With the gradual depletion of natural sand resources, the replacement of natural sand by machine-made sand is an inevitable trend, and the performance of machine-made sand has a certain impact on the workability, mechanics and durability of concrete. In 2023, Zhenjiang Construction Engineering Quality Inspection Association carried out the comparison of machine-made sand laboratories, analyzed the testing ability level of each laboratory and identified the problems existing in the laboratory, and carried out technical analysis on the factors affecting the detection results of machine-made sand methylene blue value, stone powder content and crushing index, and put forward relevant suggestions.

Objective To verify the accuracy of rapid detection results for sulfur dioxide. Methods Distillation iodine titration method was used to detect 598 batches of food samples in the rapid detection project, and the accuracy of the rapid detection results was analyzed. Results The overall accuracy of the sulfur dioxide rapid detection project was 93%, with a positive accuracy of 94% and a negative accuracy of 96%. The accuracy is less affected by the factors of rapid detection personnel, ranging from 92% to 94%; The fluctuation range of food variety factors is 75% to 100%; The fluctuation range of fast inspection product factors is 83% to 100%. The quick test results have a moderate degree of consistency with the laboratory results, with a Kappa value of 0.465. The higher the sulfur dioxide content in the sample, the more obvious the quick test results are, and the higher the accuracy of the quick test results.Continuously strengthening the management of rapid inspection products, selecting suitable food varieties, and sampling representative samples can further improve the accuracy of results. Conclusion The data from this validation proves that the fast detection method has high accuracy and can meet the requirements of on-site risk screening, effectively preventing food safety risks.

Objective Study why nicotinamide is transformed tonicotinic acid occurred when detect vitamin ${\mathrm{B}}_{3}$ in milk powdercontaining lactic acid bacteria by GB 5009.89-2016 high performanceliquid chromatography method, and its mechanism was discussed. MethodsThe samples were pretreated according to standard procedures, and theeffects of the placement time of the sample extraction solution, theplacement time of the sample solution before acid hydrolysis and the $\mathrm{{pH}}$ value of acidhydrolysis were investigated by single factor test. Results Thetransformation of nicotinamide to nicotinic acid occurred in theplacement step after the sample was dissolved and before acidhydrolysis, but after adjusting the pH value to 1.7 specified in thestandard for acid hydrolysis, the transformation was completelyinhibited. Conclusion If you want to detect the content of nicotinicacid or nicotinamide separately in samples containing lactic acidbacteria, you need to adjust the $\mathrm{{pH}}$ value to 1.7 when thesample is dissolved to inhibit the transformation of nicotinamide tonicotinic acid.

Objective To investigate the laboratory detectioncapability of the determination of hexachlorocyclohexane pesticideresidues in plant extract concentrates of various laboratories under thegroup. Methods Using plant extract concentrate as the substrate, $\beta$ -hexachlorocyclohexane and $\delta$ -hexachlorocyclohexane was used asthe target substance, and a comparison sample was prepared by adding amatrix. After uniformity and stability verification, robust statisticalalgorithm A was used to calculate the robust mean and robust standarddeviation. The laboratory detection ability of hexachlorocyclohexanepesticide residues in plant extract concentrate was evaluated based onthe $Z$ -ratio score. Results Theuniformity and stability test results of the comparison samples meet therequirements, and the satisfaction rate of the detection of pesticideresidues in plant extract concentrate is 100%. The participatinglaboratories have good detection capabilities. Conclusion Compared withproficiency testing, inter laboratory comparisons have the advantages oflow cost and convenient organization, making them an effectivesupplement to proficiency testing activities.

Objective The application of quality control chart in the quantitative detection of Staphylococcus aureus in milk was discussed by collecting the routine detection process of Staphylococcus aureus in milk and testing the results of Staphylococcus aureus in quality control samples simultaneously. Methods Monitoring the detection data by utilizing the center line of the single value control chart and the moving range control chart, an upper warning limit, a lower warning limit, an upper control limit and a lower control limit, standard error and data point inside and outside the boundary of the range control chart are used to monitor and evaluate the laboratory detection process, and the status of the personnel, instruments and reagents in the experimental detection process is judged. Results By observing the range of test data and analyzing the distribution characteristics and changes of data, the results showed that single value control chart and moving range control chart could effectively monitor the detection process of Staphylococcus aureus in milk, and the data results were reliable. Conclusion The construction of the quality control chart provides an effective means of food hygiene quality control for laboratory testing of the project, and helps to promote the smooth development of the quality control work in the laboratory testing process.

Objective To optimize the ultrasonic extraction technologyof flavonoids, polyphenols and saponins from Mirabilis himalaica, and toevaluate their antioxidant activities. Methods Based on the singlefactor tests of ethanol concentration, liquid-solid ratio, extractiontemperature and extraction time, Box-Behnken response surface method wasused to optimize the extraction process of flavonoids, polyphenols andsaponins. The antioxidant activity of DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion andhydroxyl radical was investigated in vitro. Results The optimizedultrasonic extraction technology was ${60}\%$ ethanol concentration, ${30}\mathrm{\;{mL}}/\mathrm{g}$ liquid-solid ratio, 50℃ extractiontemperature and 55 min extraction time. The extracts had strongscavenging effect on free radicals. Conclusion It is proved that theoptimized ultrasonic extraction technology of flavonoids, polyphenolsand saponins from Mirabilis himalaica is reasonable, and the extractshave antioxidant activity in vitro.

Objective The article studies the determination of ${\mathrm{{COD}}}_{\mathrm{{Mn}}}$ and ${\mathrm{{COD}}}_{\mathrm{{Cr}}}$ inwater using microwave digestion spectrophotometry. Methods Explore thisdetection method from multiple perspectives such as detection limit,precision, accuracy, linear range, analysis speed, and testing cost, andcompare it with traditional national standard methods. Results Theexperimental results show that the detection results of this method aresimilar to those of the national standard method, with a high recoveryrate of sample spiking, a lower detection limit, and a lower relativestandard deviation. Conclusion It can be seen that the method is easy and fast to operate, with good detection accuracy, high precision, wide detection range, and reduces time and material costs, reducing secondary pollution. It is suitable for the detection of different types of water bodies such as surface water, groundwater, and sewage.