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To systematically evaluate the protective effect and mechanism of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis ABSN20244504 against skin photodamage, this study investigated the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis ABSN20244504 (LDSL-ABSN20244504) on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced photodamage. In this study, a UVB-induced mouse photodamage model was used to evaluate the protective effects of LDSL-ABSN20244504 against skin photodamage by assessing skin tissue sections, levels of oxidative stress in serum and skin, inflammatory markers, the mRNA expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells p65 subunit (NF-κB p65), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha (IκB-α), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), SOD2, catalase (CAT), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), adaptor protein phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1 (APPL1), and forkhead box O (FOXO), the levels of glutathione 1 (GSH1), as well as the protein expression of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2). Treatment with LDSL-ABSN20244504 alleviated UVB-induced photodamage in mice, as evidenced by reduced epidermal hyperplasia and dermal loss, decreased mast cell production, and mitigation of epidermal structural damage. Compared with the model group, LDSL-ABSN20244504 increased the levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), IL-4, and IL-10 in the serum and skin tissue of skin-injured mice, while decreasing the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Additionally, LDSL-ABSN20244504 elevated the levels of Na+/K+-ATPase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK) in the skin tissue of skin-injured mice. RT-qPCR results showed that LDSL-ABSN20244504 upregulated the mRNA expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSH1, IκB-α, IL-10, AMPK, LKB1, SIRT1, PGC-1α, APPL1, and FOXO, and downregulated the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-6, and mTOR in the skin tissue of skin-injured mice. Moreover, LDSL-ABSN20244504 also upregulated the protein expression of NQO1, GCLC and Nrf2 in the skin tissue of skin-injured mice. These findings indicate that LDSL-ABSN20244504 inhibits UVB-induced skin damage, with an effect superior to that of the antioxidant vitamin C, and that oral administration of live LDSL-ABSN20244504 is more effective than topical application of inactivated LDSL-ABSN20244504 to the skin.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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