Full
Outline
To systematically compare the differences in pesticide maximum residue limits (MRLs) between China and the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC).
Through comprehensive review and comparison of food classification systems, pesticide varieties, MRLs formulation principles, MRLs vlue differences and distribution, this study analyzed the internationalization level of China’s current standards and compared the overall differences in MRLs between China’s and CAC’s standards across various product categories.
The 78.6% of the MRLs in China’s standards were consistent with those of the CAC. However, discrepancies remain:CAC employed a more sophisticated classification system (incorporating feed management and coding protocols). In terms of MRLs stringency, China’s limits were higher than CAC’s in 9.7% of cases (625 items), primarily involving vegetables and fruits, with 72.8% of these differences falling within a fivefold range. Conversely, China’s limits were lower than CAC’s in 8.6% of cases (554 items), including 2.2% with over 100-fold differences-variations principally attributable to China’s intensive agricultural practices, vegetable-dominant dietary patterns and distinct risk assessment methodologies.
China’s current standards demonstrate a high degree of alignment with those of the CAC. Furthermore, for specific commodities, China has established more granular MRLs, which are overall more stringent than their CAC counterparts. Based on these findings, the study recommends prioritizing international harmonization of high-risk pesticide MRLs, promoting the global adoption of China’s standards, and optimizing the alignment of China’s classification system with international frameworks to facilitate agricultural trade.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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