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Investigation into the elemental content and migration of heavy metals in electric kettles
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Jian-Chang LV1, 2, *, Li-Ming ZHANG1, 2, Xiao-Rui CHEN1, 2, Yi YIN1, 2
Journal of Food Safety & Quality | 2025, 16(9) : 186 - 192
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Journal of Food Safety & Quality | 2025, 16(9): 186-192
• Special Topic: Analysis and Monitoring of Toxic and Harmful Substances in Food •
Investigation into the elemental content and migration of heavy metals in electric kettles
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Jian-Chang LV1, 2, *, Li-Ming ZHANG1, 2, Xiao-Rui CHEN1, 2, Yi YIN1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1. Tianjin Product Quality Inspection Technology Research Institute, Tianjin 300384, China
  • 2. The National Center of Supervision and Inspection for Quality of Printing and Decoration Product, Tianjin 300384, China
Published: 2025-05-15 doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250221004
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Objective To rapidly screen the elemental content and migration of heavy metals in commercially available stainless steel electric kettles using efficient detection technologies. Methods In this study, 20 batches of stainless steel electric kettle samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the migration levels of 13 kinds of heavy metal elements, along with label compliance checks. A handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer was employed to rapidly detect the elemental content of key components and analyze their material composition. Results Multi-element migration experiments revealed heavy metal migration in some samples, particularly manganese (Mn) and aluminum (Al). XRF analysis identified the use of non-food-grade stainless steel in certain products. Additionally, non-compliant product labeling and discrepancies between labeled and actual material compositions were observed in some samples. Conclusion The combined ICP-MS and XRF results demonstrat that stainless steel material quality is a critical factor influencing heavy metal migration. This study provides theory basis for enhancing industry quality regulation, ensuring consumer health and safety, and promoting technological advancements in product manufacturing.

stainless steel electric kettles  /  migration of multiple elements  /  inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry  /  elements content  /  label identification
Jian-Chang LV, Li-Ming ZHANG, Xiao-Rui CHEN, Yi YIN. Investigation into the elemental content and migration of heavy metals in electric kettles[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2025 , 16 (9) : 186 -192 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250221004
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Year 2025 volume 16 Issue 9
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Article Info
doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250221004
  • Receive Date：2025-02-21
  • Online Date：2025-07-17
  • Published：2025-05-15
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  • Received：2025-02-21
Affiliations
    1. Tianjin Product Quality Inspection Technology Research Institute, Tianjin 300384, China
    2. The National Center of Supervision and Inspection for Quality of Printing and Decoration Product, Tianjin 300384, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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