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Objective To understand the exposure of tetrodotoxin in wild and farmed shellfish in coastal cities of Zhejiang Province in 2022. Methods Used stratified random sampling method, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine tetrodotoxin in the samples, combined with the Report on nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents (2015) and the 2014 National physical fitness monitoring bulletin to investigated the dietary intake of residents. Using the point assessment method recommended by the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations for Assessment of dietary exposure to chemicals in food, the level of tetrodotoxin in the diet of residents in several coastal cities in Zhejiang Province was evaluated. Results The content of tetrodotoxin in shellfish varied greatly, mainly concentrated in rainbow cherry clams and striped snails, with a detection rate of 14.7% and a maximum of 5220.00 μg/kg. The average content of tetrodotoxin was 167.30 μg/kg. When children under 10 years old consumed less than 15 g, adolescents aged 10-20 years old consumed less than 40 g, and adults over 20 years old consumed less than 60 g at once, their acute dietary exposure level was in an acceptable and safe state; the acute risk index for ingesting other shellfish was much lower than 100, indicated that the population’s exposure level was in a safe state. Conclusion The overall acute dietary exposure level of shellfish was in a safe state, and the content of tetrodotoxin in striped snails is extremely high. Eating striped snails is extremely unsafe and shall be regulated.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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