The leaching of molybdenum from molybdenite by oxygen pressure water leaching method was studied.The effects of ore size, oxygen partial pressure, temperature and stirring speed on oxidation of molybdenite were investigated, and the distribution of oxidation products in solid and liquid phases was discussed. The results show that the oxidation of molybdenite can be promoted by the decrease of ore particle size and the increase of oxygen partial pressure, temperature and stirring speed. The oxidation products first enter the liquid phase. When the liquid phase is saturated with $\mathrm{MoO}_{4}^{2-}$, the oxidation products will enter the slag phase in the form of MoO₃. The oxidation of molybdenum during oxygen pressure water leaching of molybdenite can be described by the unreacted nuclear shrinkage model.The reaction rate is controlled by the mixed control model, and the apparent activation energy is 40.55 kJ/mol.

The effects of solution coordination environment on the extraction of vanadium by P204 were investigated. The effects of chloride, fluoride and sulfate ions on the extraction of vanadium and their coordination with vanadium were examined at different pH. The results show that for the extractant using an organic phase composition of 20%P204+5%TBP+75%sulfonated kerosene, at phase ratio of V_O/V_A=1/2 and extraction time of 8 min, chloride ions can effectively enhance vanadium extraction. At pH=1.0 and [Cl^-]=5 mol/L, the vanadium extraction can reach 87.93%. When the pH is 1.4~2.2, fluoride ions in a certain concentration range can promote the extraction, and the best promotion effect is achieved when [F^-]=0.05 mol/L. The concentration of fluoride ion is greater than 0.2 mol/L, and the extraction is inhibited. When pH=1.8 and 2.2, the concentration of sulfate has little effect on vanadium extraction. But when pH=1.0 and [$\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}$]=1.5 mol/L, the vanadium extraction rate is only 52.22%, and the high concentration of sulfate can significantly inhibit vanadium extraction. The thermodynamic results show that coordination groups VOCl⁺ and VOF⁺ can enhance vanadium extraction process. When the concentration of fluoride ion is higher than 0.2 mol/L, the coordination anion VOF₃ formed by VO²⁺ and multiple F^- prevents the cation exchange reaction of P204.

The separation and enrichment of precious metal gold in chloride system with synergistic extraction system composed of DIBK (HA) and TBP (B) was stuied. The effects of extraction system and composition, extraction time, extraction temperature, aqueous chloride ion concentration,and extraction ratio (V_O/V_A) on the separation performance of gold extraction was investigated, and the extraction mechanism was preliminarily explored by slope method. The results indicate that under the conditions of synergistic extraction system of TBP-DIBK, total extractant concentration of 1.5 mol/L, n(TBP)∶n(DIBK)=1∶4, extraction time of 20 min,extraction temperature of 20 ℃, V_O/V_A= 2/1, aqueous chloride ion concentration of 6 mol/L, the extraction rate of gold can reach 98.82%.The maximum gold/copper extraction separation coefficient is 1 189.05. Gradient method suggests that the composition of the extract may be [AuCl₆·3A·B]. The extraction chemical reaction formula can be rewritten as: Au³⁺+6Cl^-+3HA+B→[AuCl₆·3A·B]+3H⁺.

The extraction and separation of ferrum and copper from waste ternary cathode material by Cyanex 302 (the main component is di (2,4,4-trimethylamyl) monothiophosphoric acid) was studied. The effects of H⁺ concentration, extractor concentration and temperature on the extraction and separation performance of Cyanex 302 were investigated. And the technological conditions for the stripping of ferrum and copper in supported organic phase were determined. The process flow of extracting ferrum and copper from waste ternary cathode material leaching solution is designed. The results show that the optimal extraction conditions are 0.1 mol/L Cyanex 302 concentration, 0.1 mol/L H⁺ concentration, room temperature.Under these conditions, the extraction rates of ferrum and copper are over 99.9%, while the extraction rates of Ni(Ⅱ), Co(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ), and Li(Ⅱ) are all below 0.003%. The optimal stripping agent for ferrum is 1 mol/L H₂SO₄, and that for copper is 1.5 mol/L HNO₃.The process can effectively separate copper and ferrum from the leaching solution.

The desorption of tungsten and molybdenum from ZGA351 porous strong basic anion exchange resin using NaOH+NaNO₃ as desorption agent and H₂O₂ as strong oxidant was studied. The effects of combined adsorbent composition,concentration of NaOH, concentration of NaNO₃, concentration and dosage of H₂O₂, flow rate ratio of NaOH+NaNO₃/H₂O₂ and desorption times on the desorption of tungsten and molybdenum were investigated. The results show that under the conditions of NaOH concentration of 1.5 mol/L, NaNO₃ concentration of 5%, H₂O₂ addition of 1.2 times the theoretical doasge, H₂O₂ concentration of 30%, the NaOH+NaNO₃/H₂O₂ flow rate of 40 for 6 times, the tungsten and molybdenum desorption rate are 99.48% and 99.38%, respectively. The molybdenum penetration adsorption capacity of the resin is 107.10 g/L, which is similar to that of the new resin 107.77 g/L, indicating that the adsorption properties of ZGA351 resin remained basically unchanged after one desorption and cyclic adsorption. The mass concentration of tungsten in the primary desorption solution is 3.82 g/L, the mass concentration of molybdenum is 10.71 g/L, and the ratio of molybdenum to tungsten is 2.80. After adjusting the acid, it can be directly put into the subsequent industrial production section to make ammonium molybdate products. The results of 30 desorption and adsorption cycles show that the service life of the resin can meet the requirements of industrial production cost. The method synchronizes the process of liquid absorption oxygenation and resin regeneration.The process is simplified, the production cost is reduced, and a feasible process route is explored for the desorption process of large pore strong basic anion exchange resin.

The removal of Mo(Ⅵ) from wastewater was studied by using jarosite after iron deposition in zinc leaching solution as adsorption material. The effects of the initial pH of simulated wastewater, the initial mass concentration of Mo(Ⅵ), the additon amount of jarosite and the adsorption time on the adsorption of Mo(Ⅵ) by jarosite were investigated, and the kinetic mechanism of the adsorption process was discussed. The results show that under the conditions of initial mass concentration of Mo(Ⅵ) of 40 mg/L, pH=3.0, additon amount of jarosite of 1.0 g/L and adsorption time of 240 min, the adsorption capacity of Mo(Ⅵ) can reach 13.21 mg/g. The adsorption process of Mo(Ⅵ) in wastewater by jarosite is more suitable to be described by quasi-second-order kinetic model, which belongs to chemical adsorption. The adsorption process of molybdenum by jarosite follows the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and has higher fitting accuracy. The adsorption process belongs to monolayer molecular adsorption. This method has the advantages of simple process and low cost, and is expected to realize high-value recycling of waste residue.

The adsorption and desorption properties of MTA1701 and RCX5143 macroporous weak basic anionic resins for rhenium recovery in arsenic reduction solution were studied. The effects of pretreatment method, time,temperature,acidity and equilibrium concentration on adsorption of rhenium using resin were investigated by static adsorption. Static desorption of ammonia water was used to investigate the effects of ammonia concentration, desorption volume ratio, desorption time and desorption times on the desorption rate of supported resin. The results show that the properties of the two resins are similar, and the adsorption reaction of the resin is in accordance with the quasi-second-order reaction kinetics model after the pretreatment of sulfuric acid soaking. The thermodynamic results show that decreasing temperature is beneficial to the adsorption of rhenium. The static equilibrium adsorption capacity decreased with the increase of acidity and increased with the increase of equilibrium concentration. Under the conditions of ammonia concentration of 10%, V(ammonia)∶V(resin) of 2∶1, desorption time of 20 min for 2 times desorption, the desorption rates of the two resins are all greater than 99.5%.

The preparation of activated carbon from coffee grounds by activated roasting coffee grounds with NaOH and the adsorption and removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from wastewater containing copper were studied. The activated carbon of coffee grounds was characterized by SEM and EDS. The effects of initial pH of wastewater, initial mass concentration of Cu(Ⅱ), adsorption time and amounts of adsorbent on the adsorption of Cu(Ⅱ) were investigated. The results show that for the 50 mL simulated copper-containning wastewater with mass concentration of 50 mg/L and pH=6, under the optimal conditions of activated carbon from coffee grounds amounts of 10 mg, temperature of 25 ℃ and stirring speed of 150 r/min and adsorption time of 9 h, the Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption removal rate can reach 94.12%. Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and quasi-second-order kinetic model can describe the adsorption process well. The adsorption performance of Cu(Ⅱ) in wastewater is good.

Chitosan microspheres (HTCC) were prepared by hydrothermal method, and Amino-modified chitosan adsorbent (AHTCC) was prepared by epoxidization and amination method to adsorb low concentration uranium in wastewater. The structure, composition and thermal stability of AHTCC were characterized by infrared spectrometer, elemental analyzer and thermogravimetric analyzer, and the adsorption and desorption properties of AHTCC for uranium were investigated. The results show that AHTCC has a good adsorption effect on uranium in solution at pH=5~8. Under the condition of equilibrium mass concentration of uranium adsorption of 120 mg/L, the adsorption capacity reaches the 151.6 mg/g. Its adsorption rate is faster in the initial 60 min and reaches equilibrium at 180 min. Using 80 g/L Na₂CO₃+20 g/L NaHCO₃ as the desorption agent, the desorption rate of uranium is 97.5%. For real uranium containing wastewater with high concentration of impurities, the removal rate of uranium can reach 95.6% after single adsorption by AHTCC.

Gallium, indium, cadmium, selenium, tellurium, germanium, thallium and other rare disperse elements are often present in copper deposits, and accurate analysis of these elements is beneficial to comprehensive utilization of minerals. The determination of Ga, Ge, In, Tl, Se, Te and Cd in copper ore by microwave digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was established. The symmetric sample size, acid system, ethanol concentration, microwave digestion work conditions and mass spectrum interference were optimized. The results show that under optimized conditions, the linear correlation coefficient of the calibration curve is greater than 0.999 5, and the detection limit is 0.002~0.19 μg/g. The relative standard deviations (RSD, n=6) are 2.63%~13.84%, and the standard recoveries are 90.4%~110.6%. The method is accurate and reliable, and the results are consistent with the standard method.