Accurate inversion of dam mechanical parameters based on dam monitoring data is crucial to ensure the safe and stable operation of the dam. This paper presented an arch dam parameter inversion model based on radial basis function (RBF) network and Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer (GTO). Firstly, the RBF surrogate model was used to replace the finite element model to discuss the relationship between the material parameters and the displacement response of the monitoring point. The sampling data of the RBF surrogate model was generated by the efficient Latin hypercube sampling technology. Secondly, the GTO intelligent optimization algorithm was adopted to minimize the objective function of material parameter identification. The analysis results of engineering examples show that the RBF-GTO model can achieve high-precision parameter inversion analysis of concrete super-high arch dams while reducing the calculation cost.

Anti-seepage wall is an important anti-seepage structure in cofferdam, which plays an active role in improving the distribution of seepage field and the stability of cofferdam. This paper presents an optimization method of cutoff wall structure based on artificial fish optimization algorithm. Taking a cofferdam project as an example, the calculation model of cofferdam was established based on finite element analysis, and the wall thickness and rock depth of cutoff wall were taken as the variables to be optimized. Finally, the safety factor of cofferdam under the condition of constant water level and sudden drop of water level was obtained through seepage and stress coupling analysis. Compared with the traditional artificial fish swarm algorithm, the results show that the optimized method based on the improved artificial fish swarm algorithm has faster convergence speed and convergence accuracy, and the optimized anti-seepage wall structure can achieve the balance between the anti-seepage effect and the economy. The pore water pressure behind the cutoff wall decreased significantly, and the safety factors of the cofferdam under the conditions of constant water level and falling water level (falling rates are v=0.5 m/d, 1.0 m/d and 2.0 m/d, respectively) were 1.489, 1.410, 1.376 and 1.321, which met the safety requirements, reflecting the feasibility and rationality of the proposed method. The research results can provide reference for the design and construction of cofferdam.

In view of the local large deformation, collapse and erosion of silty mudstone entrance section of Daliangshan Highway #2 tunnel, through the field monitoring, indoor swelling test of surrounding rock and 3D modeling analysis, the mechanism of large deformation of initial support was studied. The impact of factors including rainwater, secondary deformation of surrounding rock and silt bias on the large deformation was discussed. The remediation plan was put forward. The results show that the surface clay rock above the tunnel is swelling rock, and the silty mudstone is non-expansive rock, and the tunnel deformation has little affected by the expansion of the surrounding rock. Affected by continuous rainfall, the change in the settlement of the vault is the most obvious, and the settlement increased by 150 mm compared with the pre-rainfall. The theoretical value of horizontal pressure on the deep buried side of the tunnel is 1.73 times that of the shallow side, and the tunnel structure is subjected to obvious bias load. The comprehensive treatment scheme of strengthening temporary support + advanced support of large pipe shed + grouting reinforcement of double-layer small conduit + addition of anti-slip piles at the junction of light and dark at the top of the cave + two rows of pipe piles on the left side of the left hole and two rows of pipe piles in the middle of the left and right holes of the hole section of the hole was adopted, and the deformation of the tunnel was reduced by 87%, and the large deformation of the initial support is effectively controlled.

The primary frequency modulation function of the hydropower unit plays an increasingly important role in maintaining the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and it is necessary to ensure that the units integrated into the power grid have good primary frequency modulation performance. The influence of various dead zone nonlinear factors in the hydraulic turbine adjustment system on the dynamic performance of primary frequency modulation cannot be ignored. The nonlinearity of the dead zone in all links of the adjustment system is comprehensively analyzed. Based on the established high-precision primary frequency modulation model of hydropower units, the influence of frequency dead zone, openness dead zone, power dead zone and dead zone of the follow-up system on the performance of the primary frequency modulation response performance of large and small frequency difference is explored, and it is emphasized that the next frequency modulation inaction of small disturbances may be related to the dead zone of the follow-up system, which provides important theoretical guidance for the improvement and optimization of the primary frequency modulation function of the hydropower unit.

With the increase of the service life of the dam, inversion analysis of dam mechanical parameters based on the prototype monitoring data is necessary. At present, the dam inversion analysis model is still mainly based on the dam displacement monitoring data, which can only reflect the dam displacement law at the macroscopic level, while the change law of the strain field and stress field of the dam is ignored from the mesoscopic perspective. Therefore, a high arch dam mechanical parameter inversion model based on WOA-BPNN and MOEA/D was proposed, which consider both the dam displacement monitoring data and the dam strain monitoring data. The mechanical parameter inversion analysis of the arch dam was carried by the dam’s displacement data and strain data. The results show that the inversion parameter is more accurate and reasonable.

In the hydraulic model test of the CB hydroelectric station in Jinsha River, occasional penetrating vortexes were observed in front of the sluice gate. In order to eliminate the vortex, this paper improved a vertical eddy-eliminating barries and proposed a new horizontal eddy-eliminating barries. The flow field in front of the sluice gate, vortex scale, and vortex generation frequency of the new horizontal eddy-eliminating barries were measured and analyzed for its vortex elimination effect. The results show that the proposed horizontal eddy-eliminating barries has better vortex elimination effect than the previous vertical eddy-eliminating barries, and it is a low-cost and efficient vortex elimination facility for sluice gate.

Due to the existence of snow, melting snow and frozen soil, the hydrological cycle in cold regions has its particularity. In order to probe into the hydrological law of small watershed in cold region and simulate the process of runoff formation, the hydrological data of Yongcuihe River basin from 1994 to 2015 were selected as the research area. The SWAT model for runoff simulation in cold region was constructed, and the applicability of DEM with different resolution, as well as three kinds of meteorological data, CMADS data set and CFSR data set, in Yongcuihe River basin was analyzed. The results show that the SWAT model can simulate the runoff process of Yongcuihe River. DEM resolution has a great impact on the extraction of watershed features, but has no obvious effect on runoff simulation. The applicability of different meteorological data has significant difference, the simulation effect of measured meteorological data is the best, the simulation effect of CMADS data set is better, and the simulation effect of CFSR data set is worse, which provides a reference for further study of small watershed in cold region.

The geological conditions of a certain reservoir area and dam site are complex, with multiple penetrating faults. In order to analyze the seepage situation in the reservoir area and the dam body, the finite element method was used to conduct three-dimensional numerical simulation of the seepage field in the dam and reservoir area. Based on the actual operating conditions, parameter inversion was conducted, and the anti-seepage safety of the dam was analyzed and evaluated based on the distribution of water head and the calculation results of seepage flow. The results indicate that the change of permeability coefficient of faults in the reservoir area has the most significant impact on the seepage flow rate of the left bank and dam section, and the left bank seepage is more severe. The seepage line of the dam body is relatively high, and there are cracks in the upstream anti-seepage panel, causing jet flow in the high water level dam body. There is a lot of accumulated water in the corridor, and the comprehensive anti-seepage and drainage system facilities of the dam are not perfect. The overall seepage flow in the dam site area is too large, especially in the thin watershed on the left bank, where leakage is more severe. There are serious problems with dam foundation leakage and seepage around the dam, and it should be treated.

In order to understand the influence of thermodynamic coupling factors on the damage characteristics of hydraulic engineering concrete materials within 100 ℃, the temperature of concrete specimens is applied and stabilized by self-designed temperature control device, and non-destructive monitoring acoustic emission technology (AE) is used to monitor the uniaxial compression of concrete under different temperature environments. The AE ringing count and amplitude change during concrete failure at five different temperatures are explored, and the constitutive model of concrete damage under thermodynamic coupling is established according to the relationship between ringing count and stress. The results of the cumulative ringing count and amplitude show that the higher the temperature, the higher the number of damage events, the more severe the degree of damage, respectively, the cumulative ringing count increases by 5.25 times at 100 °C compared with 20 °C, and the amplitude can be increased by 20-40 dB in the late loading stage compared with the previous stage. The established damage constitutive model shows that the increase of temperature will increase the degree of damage of concrete, which provides a theoretical reference for understanding the influence of thermodynamic coupling on the damage of concrete materials.

To prompt grouting construction quality management of Wuyue Pumped Storage Power Station, combining with exposed geological conditions after excavation, designed grouting parameters, this paper conducts grouting test, and determines the grouting process parameters. The introduction of intelligent grouting system can reduce labor intensity of workers and the labor cost, and improve the traceability of quality work, save the construction period. The introduction of third-party testing units brings advanced technology and management experience, and improves the credibility of testing results. Using the results of water pressure test and comparative analysis of wave velocities of different types of rock masses can evaluate the grouting quality. The evaluation results are mutually verified, which improves the persuasiveness of the grouting effect. The grouting project has achieved satisfactory results for all parties involved in the construction, and this grouting construction process management experience can be a reference for similar projects.