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As an emerging high-moisture solid waste treatment method, smoldering disposal technology shows unique advantages in the disposal of high-moisture and low-calorific sludge. However, its self-sustaining propagation process is easily affected by material characteristics and operating parameters, and there is a risk of propagation instability caused by the attenuation of reaction intensity. Taking high-moisture sludge (moisture content >65%) as the disposal object, this study systematically investigates the effects of the mixing ratio of quartz sand to sludge (2:1~5:1) and air Darcy velocities (5~8 cm/s) on smoldering propagation under biomass conditioning, and explores the boundary of biomass conditioning ratio for complete smoldering propagation. The results show that under the condition of a fixed Darcy flow rate of 5 cm/s, the critical biomass conditioning ratio linearly increases from 4% to 10% and the critical unit calorific value of the smoldering system remains stable at approximately 0.339 MJ/kg when the sand-sludge mixing ratio is increased from 2:1 to 5:1. When the sand-sludge mixing ratio is fixed at 3:1, the critical biomass conditioning ratio linearly decreases from 6% to 2% when the air Darcy velocity increases from 5 cm/s to 8 cm/s, corresponding to a linear decrease in critical unit calorific value from 0.339 MJ/kg to 0.172 MJ/kg. The material exhibits collapse characteristics after smoldering disposal, and the biomass conditioning ratio has no significant effect on the top collapse height when it exceeds the critical value. These results can provide reliable scientific references for solving the efficient smoldering disposal of high-moisture sludge.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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