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The resource-recycling of retired crystalline-silicon photovoltaic cells is of great significance for the recycling of materials and the green and healthy development of renewable energy. Currently, most recyclers of decommissioned photovoltaic modules mainly focus on the recycling of aluminium frames, while aluminium resources in crystalline-silicon solar cells have not been effectively recycled, leaving valuable silver within the cells. Therefore, a wet-recycling process for preparing silver powder was proposed, which involves leaching aluminum with liquid alkali, leaching silver with nitric acid, and liquid-phase reduction. By optimizing the experimental parameters, under the conditions of a sodium-hydroxide concentration of 1.0 mol/L, a temperature of 20 ℃, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1 (mL/g), and a reaction time of 40 min, the leaching rate of aluminum from the retired crystalline-silicon photovoltaic cells reached 98.88%, and the leaching-loss rate of silicon was only 0.46%. Under the conditions of a nitric-acid concentration of 4.0 mol/L, a temperature of 70 ℃, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1 (mL/g), and a reaction time of 60 min, the leaching rate of silver reached 98.00%. Using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, silver powder with a purity of over 99.9% was successfully prepared under the conditions of a molar ratio of ascorbic acid to silver ions of 1.25:1.00, a temperature of 30 ℃, and a stirring speed of 250 r/min. This process achieves high recovery rates and product purity, offering a practical pathway for crystalline silicon solar cell wafers recycling.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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