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The safe and stable operation of submarine oil-filled cables is critical, but the internal dodecylbenzene (DDB) insulating oil is subject to rapid pyrolysis and gas production at localized high temperatures due to thermal faults. Against this issue, the pyrolysis and gas production processes of dodecylbenzene insulating oil are investigated based on reactive molecular dynamics simulations (ReaxFF-MD) and thermogravimetric-infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) experiments. The pyrolysis simulation results show that, the initial cracking reaction of the dodecylbenzene molecule is mainly the breaking of C—C bond to produce long-chain macromolecules, and then the gradual pyrolysis produces small alkyl radicals and olefinic molecules, and the DDB will eventually be pyrolyzed to the short-chain alkylbenzene molecules with the side chains of ·C2H5, ·CH3 and ·C3H7 groups. The main characteristic gases during pyrolysis are C2H4, H2, and CH4, which are the same as the results of IR experiments, and the main reaction mechanisms for the generation of the characteristic gases are: (i) the breaking of the C—C bond at the β-position, the hydrogenation reaction, and the dehydrogenation reaction; (ii) the attack of -H radicals to the H atoms on other radicals; and (iii) the reaction of the methyl radicals (·CH3) with the free hydrogen (·H) radicals, respectively. The kinetic results show that the activation energies of the TG experiment and ReaxFF-MD are 86.606 kJ/mol as well as 99.867 kJ/mol, respectively, and the similar activation energies further validate the reasonableness of the simulation results. The study conclusion provides theoretical support for deep understanding of the cracking and gas production mechanism of dodecylbenzene insulating oil.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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