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The combustion characteristics of coal-fired power plant boilers co-firing ammonia and its impact on the boilers are reviewed, aiming to provide theoretical and practical basis for large-scale application of ammonia as an alternative fuel to coal. By systematically reviewing existing literatures, the study examines the fundamental characteristics of ammonia combustion, flame propagation, flame morphology, and their effects on heat transfer, heat surface safety, boiler efficiency, and exergy efficiency of coal-fired boilers. The study also explores combustion enhancement methods such as oxygen-enriched combustion, preheated combustion, and hydrogen-assisted combustion. The results indicate that, co-firing ammonia can mitigate issues like ash deposition, slagging, wear, and high-temperature corrosion on heating surfaces, but it increases the acid dew point of flue gas, potentially exacerbating low-temperature corrosion. Co-firing ammonia increases the irreversibility of the combustion process, leading to higher furnace losses, although oxygen-enriched combustion can mitigate these losses. While there is substantial research on ammonia co-firing with small molecule gaseous fuels, there is limited study on its co-firing with large molecule solid hydrocarbons like coal. The effect of ammonia blending combustion on boiler heat transfer, heating surface safety, and boiler efficiency is significant. The decrease in flame temperature, reduction in flue gas soots, and changes in flue gas composition can affect heat transfer efficiency and heating surface conditions. Attention should be paid to low-temperature corrosion and unburned ammonia emissions. Ammonia blending combustion is an effective low-carbon combustion technology, but its application in large utility boilers still faces many challenges. It requires further in-depth research on combustion mechanisms and practical application effects to optimize combustion equipment and improve system efficiency.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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