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To address the demand for low-carbon transition in coal-fired power plants, ammonia, as a zero-carbon fuel and efficient hydrogen storage carrier, provides a novel pathway for carbon reduction in the thermal power industry. The key technologies and research advances in green ammonia synthesis, storage, transportation, and ammonia-coal co-firing are systematically reviewed from the perspective of the “production-storage-transportation-utilization” whole industry chain, and the economic feasibility is also evaluated. The study reveals that, the second-generation low-temperature and low-pressure synthesis technology (Fe/Ru catalysts) exhibits the greatest industrial potential for green ammonia production, but requires breakthroughs in enhancing catalytic activity and dynamic matching technologies for renewable energy-based hydrogen-ammonia synthesis systems. It is urgent to develop 100 000-ton-level cryogenic storage tanks and long-distance liquid ammonia pipelines, and establish a “West-to-East Ammonia Transmission” network to support large-scale applications. Ammonia-coal co-firing can achieve NOx emissions comparable to pure coal combustion by optimizing ammonia injection positions (post-injection in low-oxygen zones), air staging (equivalence ratio of 1.1~1.3 in primary zone), and ammonia blending ratios, alongside designing low-NOx co-firing burners. However, the weakened radiative heat transfer and enhanced convective heat transfer post-co-firing necessitate compatibility adjustments in boiler steam-water systems. When the cost of renewable electricity decreases to 0.10 yuan/(kW·h) with carbon price exceeding 370 yuan/t, or by utilizing curtailed wind/solar power (with near-zero electricity costs), green ammonia is more competitive than coal. In the future, it is necessary to promote the implementation of technology through green ammonia cost reduction, carbon price mechanism and policy support. This study provides comprehensive technical references and economic optimization strategies for scaling up green ammonia co-firing in coal-fired power plants.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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