The two basic structures and working principles of open type heat source towers, as well as the technology of gas-liquid heat and mass exchange inside the tower are introduced. It systematically summarizes the structural components, antifreeze fluids, heat and mass transfer characteristics, and the current research status, with a focus on the research hotspots and major advancements in the development of antifreeze fluids and the heat and mass transfer processes of the open type heat source tower. Although the open type heat source tower technology still has disadvantages such as insufficient safety and environmental protection of antifreeze, corrosiveness and toxicity, unstable regeneration technology, and high energy consumption, it has a large heat exchange intensity, high heat recovery efficiency, simple structure, and low maintenance cost. It has broad application prospects in the field of building heating. In the future, open type heat source tower technology will develop towards a more efficient, stable, safe, environmentally friendly, energy-saving and low-carbon direction, and build a better green and low-carbon heating system.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |