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Thermal power units, as a cornerstone of conventional electricity generation, release considerable quantities of waste heat during their operation. If not effectively harnessed, this waste heat will result in substantial energy inefficiency and exacerbate environmental challenges. Consequently, the efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat from thermal power units represents a pivotal strategy for optimizing energy use and mitigating carbon emissions. The energy-saving and carbon-reduction potential of various cycle components in thermal power units should be thoroughly explored. Conducting parameter matching to enable the efficient and comprehensive utilization of waste heat at different grades in thermal power units holds significant importance for achieving deep energy conservation and emission reductions in China’s thermal power industry. A comprehensive examination of waste heat recovery in thermal power units is provided. It begins by identifying the primary sources and distinctive characteristics of waste heat. Subsequently, it delves into specific recovery methodologies and their technical principles, encompassing low-pressure turbine exhaust heat utilization, flue gas heat recovery, boiler blowdown and continuous blowdown heat recovery. For each method, the system configuration, current deployment status, economic feasibility, and environmental benefits are analyzed in detail. The strengths and limitations of these approaches are critically evaluated. Finally, the future prospects and developmental trajectories of waste heat recovery technologies in the thermal power sector are thoroughly explored and anticipated.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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