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Operating characteristics and optimization mechanism of the final stage of steam turbine under ultra-low load conditions
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Shiliang PENG1, Weiliang WANG1, Junfu LYU2, 3, Xiwei KE2, 3, Zhidong LIU4, Qingzhong MA5
Thermal Power Generation | 2024, 53(6) : 65 - 78
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Thermal Power Generation | 2024, 53(6): 65-78
• Thermal energy science research •
Operating characteristics and optimization mechanism of the final stage of steam turbine under ultra-low load conditions
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Shiliang PENG1, Weiliang WANG1, Junfu LYU2, 3, Xiwei KE2, 3, Zhidong LIU4, Qingzhong MA5
Affiliations
  • 1.MOE Key Lab of Disaster and Control in Engineering, International Energy College (Energy and Electricity Research Center), Jinan University, Zhuhai 519070, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Thermal Science and Power Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • 3.Shanxi Research Institute of Huairou Laboratory, Taiyuan 030006, China
  • 4.Guangdong Zhuhai Jinwan Power Generation Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519050, China
  • 5.Shanxi Guojin Coal Power Co., Ltd., Lüliang 030500, China
Published: 2024-06-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202401021
Outline
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Constructing a power system predominantly based on renewable energy sources imposes increasingly stringent demands on deep peak shaving capability and ultra-low-load operation of coal-fired power generating units, thereby presents more severe challenges to the safe operation of steam turbine units under low-load conditions. This paper employs numerical simulation methods, focusing on an in-depth analysis of the operational performance of the last stage of a steam turbine under low-load conditions, and explores various solutions for their working mechanisms and optimization effects under ultra-low-load conditions. It is found that, when the unit transitions from medium-low load to ultra-low load, vortex clusters such as gap vortices, backflow vortices, and separation vortices emerge near the last stage blades, with their extent gradually expanding as the load decreases. Reducing the back pressure of the unit and operating the low-pressure cylinder with cylinder-cutting are effective strategies to attenuate steam turbine vortex flow and enhance the last stage’s performance, with a combined application of these strategies yielding better results. For instance, under 20% turbine heat acceptance (THA) conditions, reducing the back pressure from 4.9 kPa to 2.5 kPa significantly diminishes the influence range of the last stage vortex cluster, increasing the rotor blade torque from −38 N·m to 73 N·m, thereby markedly improves the last stage performance. Under 10% THA conditions, employing a combination of reduced back pressure and low-pressure cylinder-cutting can completely eliminate the tip clearance vortex, with the radial lengths of the backflow vortices and separation vortices reducing by more than 50%. The optimized rotor blade torque increases by approximately 130 N·m, significantly enhancing the last stage performance.

steam turbine  /  low load conditions  /  vortex  /  back pressure  /  cylinder-cutting
Shiliang PENG, Weiliang WANG, Junfu LYU, Xiwei KE, Zhidong LIU, Qingzhong MA. Operating characteristics and optimization mechanism of the final stage of steam turbine under ultra-low load conditions[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2024 , 53 (6) : 65 -78 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202401021
Funding
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  • Zhuhai Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project(2220004003010)
  • Key Project of the National Fourteen-Five Year Research Program of China(2022YFB4100805)
  • Science and Technology Research Project of China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd.(HNKJ22-H105)
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Year 2024 volume 53 Issue 6
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141
65
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Article Info
doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202401021
  • Receive Date：2024-01-19
  • Online Date：2026-01-07
  • Published：2024-06-25
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2024-01-19
Funding
Zhuhai Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project(2220004003010)
Key Project of the National Fourteen-Five Year Research Program of China(2022YFB4100805)
Science and Technology Research Project of China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd.(HNKJ22-H105)
Affiliations
    1.MOE Key Lab of Disaster and Control in Engineering, International Energy College (Energy and Electricity Research Center), Jinan University, Zhuhai 519070, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Thermal Science and Power Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3.Shanxi Research Institute of Huairou Laboratory, Taiyuan 030006, China
    4.Guangdong Zhuhai Jinwan Power Generation Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519050, China
    5.Shanxi Guojin Coal Power Co., Ltd., Lüliang 030500, China
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202401021
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光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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