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This study aims to enrich the experimental study of the ORC using mixture working fluids and analyze its transient and steady-state operating characteristics.
A 4-kW organic Rankine cycle (ORC) prototype using R236fa/R123 was tested to obtain the transient and steady-state operating data.
The results of the ORC system at different mixture concentrations reveal that the operation characteristics of the ORC with mixed working fluids are consistent with those using a pure working fluid. The adjustment of the working fluid mass flow rate significantly affects the system output power, while it has a limited impact on the thermal efficiency. The ORC system operates relatively stable with the variation in the mixture concentration, as it has a minimal effect on both the output power and thermal efficiency. With the increase in the R236fa mass fraction, the expander inlet pressure is stable while its outlet pressure gradually increases, resulting in high pressure ratios. This phenomenon indicates that adopting the expander with a larger internal volume ratio can optimize the ORC performance. The trade-off between the exergy destructions of the evaporator and condenser at different mixture concentrations is the main factor determining the system performance. The temperature glide caused by the condenser pressure drop limits the attribution of the mixture working fluid to optimize the system performance.
In the design and operation of mixed-working-fluid ORC systems, it is crucial to consider the matching of the condenser pressure drop and the working fluid inherent properties.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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