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To address the reduction in power generation efficiency caused by dust accumulation on PV modules, this study proposes a seasonally optimal cleaning strategy that overcomes the limitations of conventional fixed-interval and dynamic cleaning methods which often neglect seasonal variability.
Based on historical meteorological and PV generation data, time-varying predictive models of the performance ratio (PR) and dust accumulation are established for spring, autumn, and winter. An improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization (IMOPSO) algorithm is developed, incorporating a differential evolution mutation strategy and a fitness value caching mechanism to enhance optimization performance. Taking both power output and cleaning cost as objective functions, the seasonal cleaning intervals are optimized.
Using a PV power station in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province as a case study, the optimized cleaning intervals are determined to be 25 days in spring, 28 days in autumn, and 20 days in winter. Compared to the uncleaned condition, the optimized strategy leads to increases in power generation of 1.83%, 2.01%, and 3.52% for spring, autumn, and winter, respectively.
The IMOPSO algorithm boasts fast convergence speed and uniform solution set distribution. The proposed seasonal cleaning strategy fully accounts for the impact of seasons on dust accumulation, enabling it to increase power generation while controlling cleaning costs. This provides a scientific basis for the formulation of cleaning schemes for photovoltaic power stations.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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