At present, there is still a big gap between the performance of domestic air spring rubber capsules and foreign countries’, and the core technology is mainly in the hands of foreign companies. In order to study the core technical difficulties of air spring rubber airbags, the paper analyzes the application status and future development trend of air springs in the field of passenger vehicles. The rubber airbags are discussed from two aspects, materials and molding process. This paper finally summarizes the core technical problems of cystic skin, and the potential technological breakthrough paths to provide reference for the development of rubber skin technology in China.

To enhance driving performance during drive mode transitions in battery electric vehicles, a controllable disengagement device is integrated between the front axle electric drive assembly and the differential, enabling timely switching between four-wheel-drive (4WD) and two-wheel-drive (2WD) modes. First, a dual-motor four-wheel-drive pure electric vehicle configuration incorporating the disengagement device is constructed, and the energy flow characteristics of 2WD and 4WD modes are analyzed. Second, mode transition conditions are designed based on driving scenario requirements, and a phased torque transfer control strategy is developed. Finally, seven categories of drivability evaluation scenarios are proposed, along with objective evaluation metrics. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed configuration significantly enhances the vehicle’s driving performance and ride comfort.

In response to China’s “Transportation Power” strategy and the urgent need for breakthroughs in core technologies of Intelligent Connected Vehicle (ICV), addressing key challenges such as insufficient regional collaborative innovation and delays in building industry-wide patent barriers, this paper examines the development status and relevant policies of environmental perception technology. A comprehensive patent analysis is conducted on Jiangsu Province from multiple dimensions, including application trends, geographical distribution, patent mapping, and examination cycles. Finally, policy recommendations are proposed to optimize the patent layout in Jiangsu’s ICV sector, aiming to enhance its industrial competitiveness and provide valuable insights for future development.

The braking distance is longer due to the larger size and weight of commercial vehicles, resulting in greater collision energy when accidents occur. In order to effectively reduce the injury of passengers in collision accidents, occupant protection technology for commercial vehicle cab is widely studied. Using patent analysis methods, the patents related to occupant protection technology are sorted out in terms of patent disclosure trends and patent technology composition. Furthermore, relevant patents of important enterprises are interpreted, and suggestions for the direction of patent layout in this field are put forward.

As a key technology of next-generation power battery, solid-state batteries can meet the full-scene, all-climate, and high-safety requirements of new energy vehicles. To support the high-quality development of the solid-state battery industry, it is essential to systematically sort out the main technical routes of solid-state batteries, as well as the policy support and development status of domestic and foreign enterprises. The common technical and cost-related problems in the industry should be identified. The development of China’s solid-state battery industry is confronted with challenges such as patent constraints, an incomplete standard system, and potential impacts on existing liquid-state battery industries. In the future, it is urgent to plan and coordinate efforts, mobilize industry forces, and take multiple measures to accelerate the technological breakthroughs and industrial application of solid-state batteries.

Light tactical vehicles are the backbone of rapid combat and rapid transfer on the modern battlefield. At present, there is a certain gap between the development of light tactical vehicles in China and that in foreign countries. In order to clarify this gap and promote the development of light tactical vehicles in China, the research progress of foreign mainstream light tactical vehicles is analyzed. It is found that the development of foreign light tactical vehicles has the characteristics of vehicle family, high mobility, high protection, electrification and intelligence. Based on this, the strategic suggestions for the development of light tactical vehicles in China are put forward in order to provide reference for reducing the disparity with the international advanced level.

To systematically summarize the research status of multi-source fusion environmental perception technology for intelligent vehicles, this paper compares and analyzes the principles and characteristics of various sensors including cameras, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and millimeter-wave radar. The environmental perception technologies based on single-sensor approaches (such as camera-based object detection and LiDAR point cloud processing) and multi-sensor fusion strategies (data-level, feature-level, and decision-level) are reviewed with their technical bottlenecks and challenges. Typical algorithm cases are also discussed to explore their application effectiveness. The research findings indicate that: single sensors exhibit inherent limitations, such as cameras’ dependency on illumination conditions and LiDAR’s high cost with insufficient semantic information acquisition capability, as well as multi-sensor fusion technology significantly enhances environmental perception robustness through complementary advantages, yet challenges like data heterogeneity and insufficient real-time performance still remain unresolved. To meet the perception demands of complex scenarios, future development will focus on intelligent multi-modal fusion algorithms, cost-effective sensor integration, and V2X collaborative perception technologies.

To meet the demand for precise environmental perception in intelligent driving, this paper focuses on the application and development of intelligent driving environment perception sensors, analyzing their foundational position in system architecture. It discusses the working mechanisms, application scenarios, and advantages and disadvantages of various sensors such as visual sensors, LiDAR, millimeter-wave radar, and ultrasonic radar, analyzing the impact of multi-sensor fusion on improving perception accuracy and autonomous driving reliability. In the future, environmental perception sensor technology for intelligent vehicles will focus on 6 major directions: new sensing materials, intelligent adaptability, energy-efficient design, fault diagnosis, real-time calibration, and environmental impact suppression. Sensors will continue to evolve towards miniaturization, integration, and adaptive low-power design. Breakthroughs will be made in areas such as high-precision vehicle cameras, solid-state LiDAR, and innovative integration of ultrasonic radar, aiming to enhance sensing accuracy, real-time performance, and reliability to meet the increasingly complex demands of driving environments.

Through the literature review of PID control, robust control, sliding mode control and model predictive control, the characteristics of each method’s application in autonomous driving are analyzed. PID control is simple to implement but limited in complex environments. Robust control can deal with uncertainty and interference, but the design tends to be conservative. Sliding mode control offers rapid response and strong resistance to disturbances, yet it may cause chattering issues. Model predictive control provides precise trajectory optimization which requires high computational resources. The study shows that PID control is suitable for simple environments, robust control is suitable for situations requiring high stability, sliding mode control is applied to tasks that require for rapid adjustments, and model predictive control is suitable for scenarios that demand high precision. Future research will focus on integratiing multi-strategy to improve performance, adapt to various working conditions, and ensure stability and accuracy. Moreover, it is also necessary to develop efficient real-time algorithms, combine machine learning to enhance adaptability, improve control efficiency and reliability, and achieve accurate path tracking.

In order to improve the efficiency and quality of parking path planning, a study on intelligent driving parking path planning algorithms has been conducted. By reviewing the parking planning methods from recent domestic and international academic research, based on their characteristics the parking path planning algorithms are categorized into 5 types: graph search algorithms, sampling-based algorithms, intelligent algorithms, curve interpolation algorithms, and optimal control algorithms. The advantages and disadvantages of these 5 types of algorithms are analyzed, and the application of fusion algorithms in specific environments is explored. The rationality and effectiveness of existing solutions are evaluated in terms of planning efficiency and path curvature. Furthermore, future development trends in parking path planning algorithms are discussed. The study concludes the following: (1) Graph search algorithms offer the advantages of globally optimal paths and good real-time performance but suffer from poor path continuity and high complexity in high-dimensional spaces. (2) Sampling-based algorithms have the advantages of probabilistic completeness and high search efficiency in high-dimensional spaces but have large memory consumption, significant randomness, and cannot guarantee path curvature. (3) Intelligent algorithms have strong learning capabilities based on samples and strong iteration capabilities but have high training costs, poor dynamic adaptability, and poor real-time performance. (4) Curve interpolation algorithms based on optimization are easy to calculate but cannot guarantee the continuity of curvature. (5) Optimal control algorithms based on optimization can handle complex optimization problems but cannot guarantee timeliness and are prone to falling into local minima. Fusion algorithms through complementary advantages can better adapt to vehicle constraints and environmental constraints, achieving efficient and safe parking path planning.