In order to ensure the repeatability of simulation tests and reliability of test results, a simulation testing platform is built using Unity and Unreal Engine based on a systematic analysis of the definition and potential causes of performance consistency issues in autonomous driving simulation software, and static and dynamic scenarios are built at the same time. The study also involves the design of test cases, data processing scripts, automated testing scripts and the overall experimental process. Test results based on Unity and Unreal Engine simulation test platform are quantified through the inconsistency deviation. Influenced by various factors related to the simulation system’s software and hardware, experimental results reveal significant inconsistencies in multiple tests, with the maximum deviation reaching 15%. To address the identified deviation, this paper proposes several optimization strategies, including process optimization and power mode optimization, which are validated to reduce the deviation by more than 40%, thereby enhancing the reliability and consistency of simulation tests.

To enhance the safety and reliability of autonomous driving in mainline logistics, this paper summarizes the testing requirements for the mainline logistics autonomous driving system from three aspects including equipment operation, system functionality and overall performance testing. Additionally, a testing plan for the mainline logistics autonomous driving transportation system is designed, encompassing four key stages: preliminary testing, Software-in-the-Loop (SiL) testing, system basic functionality and performance testing and system operational efficiency testing and evaluation. The preliminary testing serves as the foundational task of the testing plan, verifying the basic operational conditions of the trunk logistics autonomous driving transportation system. Following the completion of preliminary testing, SIL testing will be conducted in specific scenarios. System testing will then realize the integrated system’s functionality and performance test in actual operational scenarios. Finally, the system operational efficiency testing and evaluation framework will guide the assessment of the system’s efficiency during real-world operations.

To address the issue of limited path tracking ability of Ultra-thin Carrier Robot (UCR) in complex test scenarios in intelligent connected vehicle testing, this paper proposes an improved Stanley lateral motion control algorithm. Firstly, the kinematic model of the UCR is established based on the Ackermann steering principle, and the bicycle model is used to simplify the steering system of the UCR. Then, a fuzzy PID controller is introduced on the basis of the traditional Stanley algorithm in order to enhance the adaptive feedback capability of the algorithm. The results of the joint simulation of CarSim and MATLAB/Simulink show that the modified Stanley algorithm reduces the average lateral error by 50.67% and the maximum lateral error by 41.76% at different speeds compared with the traditional algorithm. The real-vehicle test further confirms that the improved algorithm performs well in medium and high-speed straight line and lane changing scenarios, with the average lateral error less than 0.05 m and the maximum lateral error less than 0.17 m. It meets the testing requirements of intelligent connected vehicles in different scenarios and realizes high-speed and high-precision lateral motion control of the UCR.

Three types of IoV communication network test platforms of the 5th Generation mobile communication technology (5G), Enhanced Ultra High Throughput (EUHT) and Long-Term Evolution-Vehicle to Everything (LTE-V2X) are constructed based on the closed test field. And four test scenarios are designed, including the full-field performance test, dynamic and static performance test, Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication performance test and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication performance test. Communication delay, data packet delivery rate and throughput are used as evaluation metrics to verify and comparatively analyze the performance of the above three communication networks in typical application scenarios, such as varying communication distances, different vehicle speeds, V2I communication uplink, downlink and hybrid transmission, and end-to-end V2V communication in real-vehicle tests. Test results indicate that the three above networks generally satisfy the requirements of IoV applications in dynamic traffic environment, among which 5G demonstrates the superior performance, followed by EUHT, but in terms of deployment cost and complexity, LTE-V2X has a significant advantage.

In order to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the Autonomous Valet Parking (AVP) system including its behavioral limitations, and to ensure its Safety Of The Intended Function (SOTIF), the paper proposes the SOTIF analysis process for AVP systems. This procedure synthesizes the ISO 21448 and the System Theory Process Analysis (STPA) method, and elaborates on system safety and triggering conditions, layers triggering conditions and combines with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to build SOTIF scenarios. The evaluation employs collision distance risk, collision time risk and braking deceleration risk as key performance indicators. The Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods are utilized for index weighting and evaluation. Finally, SOTIF scores of AVP systems under different scenarios are obtained through real vehicle testing, clarifying unsafe scenarios and providing targeted guidance for product optimization.

In response to the difficulty of silicon-based Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) in meeting the high power density, low conduction loss and high heat dissipation requirements of electric vehicles, this paper reviews the latest research progress on Silicon Carbide-Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (SiC-MOSFET) for automotive applications. By summarizing the characteristics of SiC-MOSFET in the application scenarios of electric vehicle traction inverters, DC/DC power converters and On-Board Chargers (OBC), this paper analyzes the current technical challenges of SiC-MOSFET in terms of cost, reliability as well as heat dissipation, and explores their future development trends in miniaturization, advanced packaging, multi-chip integration and cost.

In order to enhance performance of visual perception system object detection model in complex environments such as lighting variations, blur, noise, and occlusion, this study investigates the performance variations of object detection models under different complex scenarios using YOLO 11x and data augmentation techniques. The results indicate that various environmental disturbances have distinct impacts in model perfprmance, with Gaussian noise and motion blur having more pronounced impacts, while brightness adjustments and random occlusions are relatively less disruptive.

In order to improve performance of automatic emergency braking (AEB) system, this article firstly analyzes the data from road traffic accidents, and concludes that the collision frequency and accident fatality rate are higher when the electric two-wheeler drives head-on when the motor vehicle turns left, then summarizes this accident scene as a typical application scenario of AEB system. The PreScan-MATLAB-CarSim active safety simulation test model is built using real vehicle parameters and the technical parameters of the sensor, and the type, number of the sensors and cameras needed and reasonable range of emergency braking parameters are determined by simulation. Finally, driving robot and small-sized bearing robot are employed to build an accident test scene, and the AEB parameter matching and simulation parameter verification are completed. The results show that the parameters can satisfy the requirement of development.

In order to calculate power loss of switching power supplies of high-performance chip in automotive centralized domain controller, this article analyzes the on and off processes of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), theoretically analyzes and derives formulas for the MOSFET losses of Buck type switching power supplies, and focuses on example calculation and simulation verification of the switch losses. The calculation and simulation results tend to be consistent, which can be used as a reference for hardware design engineers when selecting switch power MOSFETs.

For the additional fuel consumption and pollutant emissions caused by heavy-duty vehicle air conditioning, this paper analyzes the effects of turning on or off air conditioning on fuel consumption and pollutant emissions under different temperature conditions. Dynamometer test is performed based on China Heavy-duty commercial vehicle Test Cycle (CHTC). The test results show that the additional fuel consumption of the air conditioning is about 7% under high temperature, 5% higher than that under normal temperature. The larger the weight of a heavy-duty vehicle, the smaller the impact of the air conditioning system on fuel consumption. Turning on the air conditioning can reduce NO_x emission, and NO_x emission under high temperature is lower than that under normal temperature. Turning on the air conditioning will cause an increase of Particle Number (PN) and CO₂ emissions.