To address the comprehensive utilization of low-grade associated tungsten-fluorite resources in skarn-type copper-polymetallic tailings in southeastern Yunnan, based on an analysis of mineral liberation (≥94%) and identification of mineral forms (85.39% scheelite), a three-stage serial process consisting of "room-temperature mixed flotation of black and white tungsten ores, heated concentration and fluorite flotation" was proposed. At room-temperature, the pulp was adjusted using Na₂CO₃ and Na₂SiO₃. In the heating concentration stage, separation was enhanced at 90 ℃ using NaOH as the adjusting agent. For fluorite flotation, a combination of modified oleic acid GY4 and acidified water glass was used. The results show that the closed-circuit test produces a tungsten concentrate with a WO₃ grade of 62.17% and a recovery rate of 81.30%, as well as a fluorite concentrate with a CaF₂ grade of 96.13% and a recovery rate of 89.47%. Compared with traditional processes, the new method increases tungsten recovery by nearly 4 percentage points and raises the CaF₂ grade of fluorite concentrate by 2.75 percentage points. Preliminary estimates indicate that this initiative could generate at least 550 million yuan in economic benefits annually and reduce tailings discharge by approximately 151 900 t/a. The research findings can provide technical support for the efficient utilization of low-grade associated tungsten-fluorite tailings.

To address the problems of high content of carbonate gangue, high oxidation rate, and severe mudding of lead-zinc oxide ore in Xinjiang, a detailed experimental study on mineral processing technology was carried out. The primary metallic elements in the ore that are of value for mineral processing and recovery are lead and zinc, with concentrations of 6.90% and 6.06%, respectively. Lead is present in lead oxide at a rate of 81.30%, and zinc is present in zinc oxide at a rate of 95.04%. By employing a process flow consisting of lead-oxygen-sulfur mixed flotation, flotation desliming and zinc oxide flotation, and using a compound phosphate that effectively suppresses carbonate gangue minerals, the process successfully prevented the flotation of carbonate gangue minerals, ensured the selectivity of the flotation process, and improved the grade of the lead-zinc concentrate. Through full closed-circuit process test, indicators of 50.32% lead grade, 3.76% zinc grade, and 80.84% lead recovery rate were achieved for the lead concentrate, while the zinc concentrate from the lead-zinc oxide ore exhibited a zinc grade of 35.73% with a lead grade of 4.21% and a zinc recovery rate of 75.62%, achieving efficient flotation recovery of this lead-zinc oxide ore.

To solve the problem of excessive drying shrinkage in alkali-activated materials (AAM), by introducing a CaSO₄-MgO composite expansion agent (CM) to regulate the drying shrinkage behavior of alkali-activated copper slag-ground granulated blastfurnace slag mortar (CS-AAM), the influence of the mass ratio of CaSO₄ to MgO in CM on the workability, hydration process, microstructure evolution, and macroscopic mechanical properties of CS-AAM was systematically investigated, along with the synergistic shrinkage reduction mechanism of CM. The results indicate that adjusting the mass ratio of CaSO₄ to MgO in CM can effectively control the fluidity and setting time of CS-AAM paste. When the mass ratio of CaSO₄ to MgO is 2∶1, the 28-day compressive strength reaches its peak at 74.1 MPa, representing a 4.4% increase compared to the control group, while the 180-day drying shrinkage rate decreases by 40.9%. Microscopically, the total porosity is reduced, resulting in the most compact structure. As the proportion of CaSO₄ decreases, the amount of ettringite formation decreases, while the formation of brucite increases accordingly. Therefore, by adjusting the mass ratio of CaSO₄ to MgO within the range of 3∶0 to 1∶2 can achieve the optimal comprehensive performance of CS-AAM.

Based on the ecological-technical-economic synergy path, the super-efficiency SBM model combined with the GML index method was used to accurately measure the green total factor productivity in Xinjiang, and systematically evaluate the green development level of Xinjiang mining industry cluster. The results show that the green total factor productivity of mining industry in Xinjiang is lower than the national average, and the lack of technological innovation ability is an important factor restricting the development of mining industry in the region. Through the method of location entropy, the degree of industrial agglomeration of mineral resources in Xinjiang is quantitatively analyzed, and finds that it presents the characteristics of "high agglomeration, low green and weak chain", and there is a phenomenon of "virtual fat" in the cluster. With the help of vector autoregressive model, the dynamic relationship between industrial agglomeration degree, green development level and regional economic growth is empirically analyzed. Among them, the green development level has a significant impact on the agglomeration degree of mining clusters. The synergy effect of green development level and industrial agglomeration degree is the core driving force of sustainable economic development, forming a positive feedback mechanism of "green technology-industrial agglomeration-economic efficiency". Based on this, it is proposed to build a "four-in-one" green development system with "ecological value-added, technological empowerment, network synergy and structural optimization" as the core, so as to provide practical countermeasures for the green and high-quality development of mining clusters in ecologically fragile areas.

Safe production is a fundamental cornerstone of the intelligent transformation of mines. To enhance the effectiveness of corporate safety management and effectively reduce the probability of production safety accidents, by introducing role overload, leader identification, work-family facilitation, and work-family conflict as mediating variables, a dual chain mediation model was constructed based on the work-family resources model. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect 502 valid samples, and empirical analysis was employed to test the hypotheses of the theoretical model. The research results show that self-sacrificial leadership exerts a significant direct inhibitory effect on miners'unsafe behaviors. On one hand, self-sacrificial leadership significantly and negatively inhibits miners' unsafe behaviors indirectly through the chain mediation of leader identification and work-family facilitation. On the other hand, it significantly and positively promotes miners'unsafe behaviors indirectly through the chain mediation of role overload and work-family conflict. Mining enterprise managers should attach importance to the work-family balance of employees and dynamically optimize management strategies and leadership styles to mitigate the risk of safety production accidents.

Gently inclined ore bodies are recognized as one of the difficult-to-mine ore bodies. Under the condition that the mine production system is fixed, the conversion of mining for ore bodies with different occurrence conditions significantly affects the mine production efficiency and safety. When a mine converts from mining near-horizontal ore bodies to gently inclined-inclined ore bodies, the traditional method is faced with the problem that some stopes cannot utilize existing roadways for mining and cutting, and a large number of new mining preparation projects need to be developed. To address the above problems, a mining scheme of "arranging stopes perpendicular to the strike of the ore body, canceling cutting raise shafts, and using ore drawing drifts as the initial free surface and supplementary space" was proposed. This scheme can save some mining preparation projects such as trench roadways, medium-deep hole bottom pulling, ore drawing drifts and ore haulage roadways. The stability of this structure was demonstrated using FLAC3D software, and industrial tests were carried out on-site. The results show that the goaf model of stope 62-A has a relatively regular shape, basically no caving occurs and side walls, the ore loss rate is 2.3%, the dilution rate is about 8.5%, and the mining and cutting engineering quantity is reduced by about 14.8%. This scheme has advantages such as adapting to the change of ore body dip angle, simplifying stope structure and reducing engineering quantity, and provides a reference for the mining of similar ore bodies.

In view of the mining problems faced by Chalukou molybdenum-lead-zinc polymetallic mine in the Greater Khingan Mountains under deep (750-1 000 m), complex structure and volcanic rock geological conditions, the optimization of filling mining height based on rock mechanics and numerical simulation was carried out. Firstly, the mechanical parameters of the main rock mass in the mining area were obtained by rock mechanics tests, and a three-dimensional geomechanical model that accurately reflects the geological structure and topographic characteristics of the mining area was constructed using 3Dmine, ANSYS and Surfer software. Then, FLAC3D numerical simulation was used to systematically compare and analyze the influence of three mining heights of 60 m, 90 m and 120 m on the stability of stope and surface. The results show that the mining height of 60 m can effectively inhibit the expansion of plastic zone and control the displacement and stress concentration, which is the safe and economical optimal mining scheme. Although the mining height of 90 m can basically maintain the stability of the stope, there is a risk of local plastic zone penetration. The mining height of 120 m leads to the horizontal deformation, inclination and curvature of the surface far exceeding the safety limit. The research results clarify the safe mining height threshold of the complex deep orebody, revealing the internal mechanism of the increase of mining height leading to the penetration of plastic zone, which provide a theoretical reference for the optimization of deep filling mining scheme under similar complex geological conditions.

To address the challenges of complex preparation work and difficult roadway excavation within backfill bodies encountered in thick ore bodies using conventional open stoping with subsequent filling mining method, a new stoping technique combining remote-controlled LHD with flat-bottom structures for ore removal has been proposed. Based on the ore removal system utilizing LHD with flat-bottom structures, theoretical calculation formulas for the ore removal volume contribution coefficient of LHD were established under the working conditions of four different stope layout directions and stope structure parameters. An optimized method for determining the stope structure parameters was proposed for the improved traditional open stoping with subsequent filling mining method. Taking the Bangzhong Zinc-Copper Mine as the engineering background, an application research on the open stoping with subsequent filling mining method based on the LHD with flat-bottom structure mining system was carried out. The design method of the mining site structure parameters was also introduced. The results show that, the method can achieve a 21% reduction in stope preparation engineering quantity, an approximately 12% decrease in ore loss, and a 22% ore output ratio for remote-controlled LHD (the theoretical value is 19.6%). The preparation-cutting-extraction cycle of a single stope is comparable to that of the original mining method. The study results provide innovative solutions for the safe and efficient extraction of thick and large ore bodies.

To improve the stability of the surrounding rock in the stopes of lines 61-65 in the Makeng Iron Mine, the Mathews stability graph method and FLAC3D numerical simulation were comprehensively used. A stress-displacement analysis model was established, and the effects of stope structural parameters (length, width, height) on the stability of the surrounding rock were systematically studied. The results show that during the mining process, the roof is dominated by tensile stress concentration, while the side walls exhibit compressive stress concentration. The stope width plays a dominant role in the stress distribution of the roof. The stope length significantly affects the displacement and stress release of the side walls. Shortening the stope length significantly reduces the displacement of the side walls and the risk of caving, which enhances the stope stability. The parameter combination of 20 m×10 m×54 m (length×width×height) has the best effect in controlling the stress concentration of the roof and the deformation of the side walls. Reducing the mining height to 36 m inhibits the horizontal displacement to a certain extent. However, the risk of roof caving remains high in the fractured rock mass area, indicating that solely adjusting the mining height is difficult to solve the local stability problem. Based on the zoning design of rock mass quality, a slicing scheme was proposed. By optimizing the parameters of the fracture zone and shortening the stope length, this scheme effectively mitigates the problem of side wall caving in the 63-1R section. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the structural optimization and surrounding rock stability control of stopes in the Makeng Iron Mine.

To address the challenges such as potential large-scale surface subsidence caused by mining the hung-up orebody in the triangular ore belt of a certain silver-lead-zinc mine, two overall mining sequence plans were proposed based on the site engineering geological conditions. Plan I involves treating the goaf and hung-up ore zone prior to ore extraction, while Plan II involves extracting the ore first followed by treatment of the goaf and hung-up ore zone. A geological model was constructed by combining CAD, 3DMine, and MIDAS, and numerical simulation was subsequently employed to compare the distributions of the stress field, displacement field, and plastic zone at various mining stages for these two plans. The results indicate that Plan I is more favorable for controlling ground pressure and ensuring stability in both the stope and the hung-up ore zone during mining operations, while also reducing resource wastage. Based on the numerical simulation results and mining technical conditions, a coordinated mining scheme involving the initial construction of an artificial false roof (and floor) followed by extraction from the bottom was proposed, and the construction scheme for the artificial false roof (and floor) was determined. A prediction model for the settlement of the artificial false roof was developed using the random forest algorithm to continuously ensure the safety of hung-up ore extraction in the area. The results of the industrial-scale trial show that the extraction rate of the hung-up ore exceeds 80%, generating approximately 5 million yuan in profit.