Considering the characteristics of poor permeability, mixed particle sizes, and complex pore structures of conglomerates, a study was conducted on the pore structure characteristics and connectivity of the Mahu Urho Formation conglomerates using CT(computed tomography)scanning and 3D reconstruction techniques. By establishing a pore structure extraction method combining conventional threshold segmentation and top-hat algorithm, the challenge of extracting microcracks was overcome. The study reveals that the main types of pores in the Urho Group conglomerates are intergranular pores, dissolved pores, and microfractures, with the 3D pore types are mainly lamellar pore structures and isolated pore structures. Although pores with equivalent radii of conglomerate samples smaller than 30 μm account for a high proportion, their contribution to the total pore volume is relatively low. Pores larger than 60 μm, while fewer in number, occupy over 50% of the total pore volume, serving as the primary storage space. Experimental samples are predominantly characterized by level III connected domains, exhibiting good connectivity conducive to the accumulation and extraction of oil and gas. The investigation into the pore structure characteristics of strongly inhomogeneous conglomerates holds significant theoretical and practical value for an in-depth understanding of such characteristics and for the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs in sand conglomerates.

In order to study the disaster susceptibility of debris flow in Yongsheng County, the research area was Yongsheng County of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, and it was divided into 475 sub-watershed units. Grey correlation analysis method was used to calculate the correlation degree of each factor, and the factor with the lowest correlation degree was eliminated. The independence of factors was tested by collinearity diagnosis. In the end, eight factors including average slope, average annual maximum rainfall, average vegetation coverage, average elevation, average melton ratio, average water system density, average landslide core density and average road density were retained. The information volume of the factors was calculated by the information volume method, and the correlation degree value was taken as the weight value of the superposition of each factor. The grey correlation analysis-information volume model was further constructed to carry out the evaluation research on the vulnerability of debris flow in Yongsheng County. The results show this as follows. The requency ratio of debris flow disaster points in the extremely vulnerable area is as high as 4.06, and the area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve is 0.818, indicating that the selected eight factors and the grey correlation analysation-information volume method have good forecasting ability for the evaluation of debris flow disaster vulnerability. The results can also be used as reference for the prevention and control of debris flow disaster in Yongsheng County.

Myocardial ischemia is caused by the incoordination between myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery in coronary artery disease, and due to its high morbidity and mortality rate, the number of patients who die from ischemic heart disease in China is increasing year by year. In order to verify that the active ingredients of Jinlume have anti-myocardial ischemic efficacy. The maximum tolerated concentration (MTC) was determined to be 15.63 μg/mL by the pre-test, and the high school and low dose groups were divided into 7.81 μg/mL (1/2 MTC), 2.60 μg/mL (1/6 MTC) based on the MTC, respectively, 0.868 μg/mL (1/18 MTC), and the positive drug group was N-acetylcysteine (125 μg/mL). With the help of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, the possible mechanism of action of the active ingredients of Jinlume in inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and slowing down myocardial ischemia was investigated. The results showed that the aqueous extract of Jinlume had significant effects against myocardial ischemia in comparison with the positive drug group by means of zebrafish cardiac fluorescence intensity phenotyping, and its mechanism of action was related to five pathways, namely, Rap1 signaling pathway, cancer pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, lipids, and atherosclerosis. It can be seen that exploring the anti-myocardial ischemic mechanism of the active ingredients of Jinlume has certain theoretical significance for the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia.

In order to reasonably evaluate, screen, and optimize the exterior design schemes of suspended monorail train with regional cultural characteristics, an optimization method for exterior design of suspended monorail train based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was proposed. Firstly, the characteristics and trends of the exterior design of suspended monorail trains both domestically and internationally were analyzed, and an evaluation index system which focusing on cultural factors for the exterior design of suspended monorail train was constructed. Then, estimate matrix based on experts scores and gained weights of each individual index by calculation was established. Finally, taking the design case of a suspended monorail train with regional cultural characteristics of Guangzhou as an example, the integration of typical regional culture and design idea, as well as the evaluation and optimization of design schemes were explained. The results show that the method can be used to screen and obtain suspension monorail train design schemes with high comprehensive satisfaction in terms of exterior form, painting, and cultural relevance. It can quantitatively evaluate design schemes from multiple dimensions and provide a basis and direction for the screening and iterative optimization of design schemes.

When the integrated energy system (IES) participates in electricity spot market transactions, the transaction price is uncertain due to changes in market supply and demand. In order to deal with this problem, a detailed analysis of the operating marginal cost of the integrated energy system was used to investigate the optimal dispatch strategy that fully utilizes the flexible resources of the integrated energy system to participate in the market. Firstly, the typical scenarios of market price uncertainty under the external spot market environment were analyzed, and the internal multiple source-load adjustable resources and operation cost structure of the integrated energy system were investigated. Secondly, a trading optimization model considering the marginal cost of the system under the condition of price uncertainty in the electric power market was established, and the sand cat swarm optimization algorithm was proposed to solve the problem. Finally, simulation verification was conducted based on actual cases. The result shows that this strategy can not only reduce the operating cost of IES, but also enhance its adaptability to market price uncertainty. The strategy provides new ideas for the operation of integrated energy systems in the power spot market environment, which is also helpful to realize the double optimization of economy and reliability of energy system participating in the market scheduling.

The influencing factors on the reservoir development of Upper Taiyuan Formation in the eastern Ordos Basin were investigated. Experimental methods such as casting thin sections, high-pressure mercury intrusion, and constant-rate mercury intrusion were employed to examine the pore structure characteristics of Upper Taiyuan Formation, Tai 2 Member. Results show that the average porosity of Tai 2 Member reservoir is 7.84%, with an average permeability of 0.396 mD, primarily characterized by ultra-low porosity and permeability. The pore structure is complex, with strong heterogeneity. Various types of pores were developed in the reservoir, including intragranular dissolution pores, intergranular dissolution pores, intercrystalline pores, and rock fragment dissolution pores. Based on the frequency of pore development, porosity, and permeability in each region, the pore combinations are classified into three types: intragranular dissolution pores, intragranular dissolution pores combined with intercrystalline pores, and intragranular dissolution pores combined with intergranular dissolution pores. The experimental methods of high-pressure mercury intrusion and constant-rate mercury intrusion could effectively characterize the reservoir characteristics of these three types of pore combinations, among which the combination of intragranular dissolution pores and intercrystalline pores represents a favorable reservoir pore type. Based on the laws of sedimentary differentiation and pore differentiation, a set of criteria for evaluating high-quality reservoirs is established on the basis of experimental results. Upper Taiyuan Formation reservoir was classified into Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ from good to poor, and predictions were made for favorable areas of high-quality reservoirs.

Macro-encapsulated phase change material (PCM) capsules are the core components that form the heat storage tank of the packed bed. In order to enhance the heat storage rate of the packed bed tank, it is necessary to optimize the heat storage and discharge rate of individual PCM capsules. Four different encapsulated shapes of PCM capsules were established while ensuring the uniform volume of individual PCM capsules. The capsules were placed in a flow field with an obstruction rate of 0.5, and the melting and solidification processes of PCM under different encapsulation shapes were analyzed with full consideration of gravity direction and heat transfer fluid flow direction in practical applications. The results show that the natural convection of liquid PCM inside the capsule can accelerate the melting and solidification process of PCM and increase the rate of charging and discharging; compared with the spherical encapsulation capsule, the heat transfer area per unit volume of cylindrical encapsulation capsule is increased by 14.47% and the melting time of PCM is shortened by 42.50%. Therefore, the cylindrical encapsulated capsule has the best thermal performance, and the cylindrical capsule can be applied to the packed-bed storage tank in future research to optimize its thermal storage performance.

Due to the similarity in site selection between underground pipelines and power facilities such as high-voltage power lines and urban rail transit power supply systems, underground pipelines are increasingly affected by stray currents generated by power facilities. The impact of AC stray currents on the corrosion rate of pipeline coating defects were simulated and analyzed. The effects of parameters such as AC current magnitude, soil conductivity, internal pressure of the pipeline, stress, distance to grounding electrode, and pipeline radius on corrosion were investigated in the study. The results indicate that when the stress on the pipeline is less than the yield strength, the effect of stress on the corrosion caused by AC stray currents is relatively small. However, after the deformation of the pipeline increases, serious corrosion will be induced by stress. The greater the AC current, the greater the corrosion at the defects of the pipeline coating. The lower the AC frequency, the greater the corrosion at the defects of the pipeline coating. The closer the distance to the grounding electrode, the greater the corrosion at the defects of the pipeline coating. The higher the soil conductivity, the greater the corrosion at the defects of the pipeline coating. The smaller the pipeline radius, the greater the corrosion at the defects of the pipeline coating. These research findings are of significant importance for ensuring the safe operation of oil and gas transportation pipelines under the influence of AC stray currents.

The Yakela region is located in the northern part of the Tarim Basin. The review of old wells in 2021 shows that the new proven geological reserves of oil in the Paleogene Kumugeliemu Formation in the YK6H block of Yakela are 86.7×10⁴ t, and the structural amplitude of the oil and gas reservoirs that have been discovered so far is low, and it is difficult to identify similar low-amplitude structural traps, and the matching relationship between the accumulation conditions is not clear. In order to find new favorable zones for oil and gas development and strengthen the development of remaining oil reservoirs, based on the high-precision 3D seismic data of the Yakela area and guided by the theory of high-precision sequence stratigraphy, the high-precision stratigraphic division and comparative analysis of the Yakela area were carried out. Through ant body extraction, automatic layer tracking, and variable velocity mapping technology, 105 micro-faults were identified, the identification accuracy of low-amplitude structures was improved, and the distribution of low-amplitude structural traps with a minimum closure height of 2 meters was implemented. Based on the reservoir control factors such as structural location, trap characteristics, sedimentary reservoirs and oil and gas migration channels, the newly implemented low-amplitude structural traps were analyzed and evaluated, and favorable targets were selected, and then the favorable reservoir zones were comprehensively analyzed. The “three-element reservoir control” favorable target optimization method suitable for low-amplitude structural traps was summarizes, which is suitable for low-amplitude structural traps, and provides a reference for the evaluation of favorable targets in areas with similar geological conditions.

Traditional retinal vessel segmentation methods often face challenges such as missegmentation caused by optic disc confusion, lack of continuity in segmentation results, and imprecise segmentation in detailed regions. To address these issues, a retinal vessel segmentation algorithm was proposed based on UNet. The algorithm replaced traditional square convolutions with a fusion of horizontal and vertical one-dimensional convolutions and two-dimensional square convolutions, enhancing the representation capability of the eye region. A multi-scale branch approach was adopted to increase feature space diversity, thereby improving the network’s feature learning and expression capabilities. Additionally, to further enhance segmentation performance, multi-layer dilated convolutions was introduced into the deep structure of the autoencoder, replacing traditional simple pooling operations. This approach enlarged the convolution kernel size and expanded the receptive field, achieving a fusion of multi-scale shallow and deep feature information. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on the public DRIVE and CHASE_DB1 datasets. Experimental results demonstrates that the algorithm achieves precision (0.956 8 and 0.959 8) and F₁ scores (0.832 6 and 0.830 4), respectively. Compared with traditional UNet and recent UNet-based retinal vessel segmentation methods, the proposed algorithm shows advantages in accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F₁ metrics, these validation results fully demonstrate the proposed model’s strong capability in precise segmentation tasks.