In order to evaluate the characteristics of fire smoke dispersion in large-space buildings, FDS software was used to investigate the effects of air-inlet position, smoke-proofing depth and smoke exhausting rate to the working efficiency of fire isolation belt. The results show that, by opening the air-inlet in the non-fire zone and closing that in the fire zone, a reverse airflow can be induced below the fire isolation belt, which resists the smoke overflow and reduces the disturbances to the smoke layer. The increase of the smoke-proofing depth can increase the space for smoke storage and reduce the height of the smoke layer, thus delaying the instant of smoke overflow by decreasing the generation rate of fire smoke. In the scenario without mechanical smoke exhausting in the fire isolation belt, the instant of smoke overflow can be delayed by about 50% when the smoke-proofing depth increases from 20% to 40%. By adopting mechanical smoke exhausting in the fire isolation belt, the accumulated smoke can be timely extracted, which can effectively prevent the smoke spilling into other non-fire zone. It is concluded that, through an overall consideration to the smoke isolation efficiency, building functions and construction costs, the combination of “40% smoke-proofing depth + adopting the mechanical smoke exhausting rate with reference to the Smoke Standard + opening the air-inlet in the adjacent non-fire zone” is recommended as an advantageous design principle for fire isolation belts.

With the rapid advancement of air transport aviation and general aviation, the frequency assignment of air navigation stations has become increasingly crucial. A comprehensive algorithm was presented for assigning frequencies to individual air navigation stations. Subsequently, in order to address the issue of frequency assignment for multiple aviation navigation stations, a model was established specifically for civil aviation navigation stations. Finally, considering the limitations of traditional multi-objective genetic algorithms such as slow convergence speed and susceptibility to local optimal solutions, a multi-objective genetic algorithm along with a multi-objective genetic local search algorithm based on optimal weight allocation was proposed to effectively solve the frequency assignment problem faced by aviation navigation stations. The problem encompasses several objectives including minimizing frequency interference and utilizing the minimum number of frequencies required. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed multi-objective genetic local search algorithm successfully resolves the frequency assignment problem encountered by air navigation stations. In comparison with traditional multi-objective genetic algorithms and those incorporating optimized weight allocation, our proposed algorithm significantly enhances solution quality, convergence speed, and stability.

The efficiency, precision, and automation of fruit and vegetable picking are realized through the integration of multiple mechanical arms in multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking technology, effectively addressing the high costs and low efficiency associated with traditional manual picking methods. The research progress in multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking technology was summarized, and the framework of the multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking system was comprehended. In light of the decision-making challenges in cooperative picking, the cooperative methods and task allocation within cooperative picking task planning was analyzed, and the collision detection, obstacle avoidance strategies, and path planning techniques utilized in cooperative picking with multiple robotic arms was reviewed. The future development direction of multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking technology is outlined, with a proposed development trend that envisions the combination of machine and agronomy, human-machine collaboration, decision-making big models, and multi-algorithm fusion.

Aiming at the current aviation typical parts with complex structure and high precision requirements, increased difficulty in quality inspection but backward inspection methods, an inspection plan automatic preparation method was proposed. Firstly, from the information reuse and information integration, the inspection number model was constructed on the basis of the design model, which layed a foundation of data source for the generation of the inspection plan. Secondly, the production method of the inspection plan was formulated, and the rules of the inspection sequence generation were designed, to achieve the automatic generation of inspection sequence number by using the improved Dynamic planning algorithm. Finally, combined with the CAA(component application architecture) secondary development interface and Excel component development, the corresponding function module was developed under the CATIA environment, to achieve the output of the inspection element information and process view, to complete the automatic preparation and export of the inspection plan. Through examples, it is proved that the method can reduce the labour intensity of inspectors and improve the efficiency of the preparation of inspection plans.

Strengthening green and low-carbon environmental control technologies is critical because the industrial, agricultural, and construction sectors face three major challenges: high energy consumption, high emissions, and low energy efficiency in controlling temperature and humidity in specific areas. Heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning provides high evaporative temperature cooling, effective humidity management, and easy integration with renewable energy equipment. The typical heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system was analyzed, the research progress of heat pump independently driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system under various coupling methods was reviewed, and the performance, regeneration temperature, and application occasions of heat pump independently driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system under various working conditions were summarized. Furthermore, the solar-assisted heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system was introduced. Finally, existing challenges and future developments of heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system were analyzed and projected.

In order to study the effect of low temperature on mechanical properties, fatigue properties and frost resistance of cement stabilized crushed stone mixture in cold area. Using 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃ to simulate the field low temperature curing condition, based on the mechanical properties test, three-point loading fatigue test and freeze-thaw cycle test, the differences of unconfined compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, dynamic resilience modulus, fatigue resistance and anti-freezing durability of cement stabilized gravel mixture under low temperature curing condition, 20 ℃ standard curing condition and 30 ℃ curing condition were compared. The effect of curing temperature on the attenuation law of microvoid structure of cement-stabilized crushed stone mixture during freeze-thaw cycle test was studied. The results show that, compared with the standard curing temperature (20 ℃), the mechanical properties of cement stabilized macadam mixture decrease by 20%~40% and the fatigue life decrease by 40%~50% under the condition of 5~10 ℃. Low temperature curing has a significant deterioration effect on the mechanical properties, fatigue properties and anti-freezing properties of cement stabilized macadam mixture. The greater the decrease of mechanical properties and fatigue characteristics of cement stabilized crushed stone mixture. Increasing the curing temperature is helpful to reduce the decay rate of micro void diameter after freeze-thaw cycle, increase the stability of the void structure of cement stabilized gravel mixture and refine the micro void structure during the freeze-thaw cycle test, and thus increase the mechanical properties, fatigue durability and frost resistance of cement stabilized gravel mixture.

In order to improve the accuracy of geological hazard susceptibility assessment, Fuyang District in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province was taken as the research area and a random forest method was proposed for evaluating geological hazard susceptibility, considering buffer zone optimization strategies. Firstly, nine evaluation factors were selected: normalized difference vegetation index, distance to roads, distance to faults, rainfall during the flood season, slope, aspect, ruggedness, distance to water systems, and lithology. Multicollinearity analysis was conducted to ensure the independence of the factors. Secondly, buffer zones of 0.5 km, 1 km, 1.5 km, and 2 km were constructed. Negative sample points were generated using random sampling to avoid cross-contamination between positive and negative samples, enhance sample representativeness, and improve the model's discrimination capability. An additional set of random sampling points without buffer zones was also established for comparison. The random forest algorithm was then used to train and test the geological hazard susceptibility model. Results indicated that the buffer zone optimization strategy significantly improved the model's predictive accuracy and that there was an optimal boundary for the buffer zone. The model's AUC(area under curve) value was highest at 0.815 for the 1 km buffer zone, indicating that negative samples collected within this buffer zone could more accurately distinguish geological hazard characteristics. Finally, based on the susceptibility evaluation results of the optimal buffer zone and the random forest model, high susceptibility areas were mainly concentrated in the mountainous regions in the northwest and southeast. The frequency ratio increased with the susceptibility level, validating the scientific validity of this method. This approach can provide a basis for geological hazard prevention and control in Fuyang District.

In order to summarize the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and syndrome elements in chronic kidney diseases (CKD). The studies related to TCM syndromes in patients with CKD were searched for in CNKI, WANFANG DATA, VIP, SinoMed, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library from the inception dates to August 21th, 2024, and extracted the relevant information. WPS Excel was used to count the frequency of basic characteristics, syndrome types, and syndrome elements in the literature for establishing a database. The distribution characteristics of syndrome elements were explored by association rule analysis and systematic clustering techniques within data mining. The results show that a total of 126 articles are enrolled, including 45 382 patients with CKD. There are 129 TCM syndrome types and 37 syndrome elements (23 disease nature elements and 14 disease location elements). There are 7 syndrome element combinations types. The 6 common TCM syndrome types of CKD with a composition ratio ≥5% are spleen and kidney qi deficiency syndrome, blood stasis syndrome, damp-heat syndrome, damp turbidity syndrome, qi and yin deficiency syndrome, and spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome. Disease nature elements: 16 substantial and 7 insubstantial syndrome elements are included. The 6 disease nature elements with a composition ratio ≥5% are qi deficiency, dampness, yin deficiency, blood stasis, heat, yang deficiency. There are 61 syndrome element combinations types of disease nature elements, with 7 combinations with a composition ratio ≥5%, which are: qi deficiency, blood stasis, dampness + heat, yang deficiency, dampness, yin deficiency, and a combination of qi deficiency + yin deficiency. Disease location elements: the 3 disease location elements with a composition ratio ≥5% are kidney, spleen, and liver. There are 23 syndrome element combinations types with a composition ratio ≥5% are spleen + kidney, kidney, liver + kidney. Syndrome element combinations types: one, two, three, four, five, six, and seven syndrome elements are included, with the two-syndrome element combinations being the most common (46.36%). Correlation analysis indicates that the support for the spleen-stomach is the highest, with the highest confidence in spleen-dampness-heat, meridians-tendons and bones, spleen-fluid retention-qi deficiency, and spleen-stomach-dampness. There are 4 clusters group can be obtained results of the system clustering analysis. It is concluded that the TCM syndromes of CKD is deficienc-excess complex. Spleen-kidney qi deficiency syndrome is the most common syndrome in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main disease location of CKD are kidney, spleen, and liver. Qi deficiency, dampness, yin deficiency, blood stasis, heat, and yang deficiency are common disease nature elements.

In order to minimize the influence of construction for airport operation, the construction method of closing part of time or some pavement without stopping is usually used by the airport pavement maintenance office. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the key objectives of construction management, such as quality, duration and safety, and carry out a research on construction organization and management in the maintenance and repair of airport pavement. A multi-objective optimization model was proposed for the non-stop construction organization of airport pavements, focusing on the construction period within airport pavement maintenance management. The construction process was emphasized and functional relationships among cost, quality, and construction time were established to quantify each objective scientifically. Moreover, an optimization model was developed, incorporating the construction window period as a constraint and leveraging the closure of nighttime hours to facilitate uninterrupted construction without disrupting navigation. The approach ensures efficient non-stop construction of airport pavements. In the model, a triple objective optimization strategy was employed, aiming to minimize duration and cost while maximizing quality level. To solve the model, the performance of multiple objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ(NSGA-II), and NSGA-III algorithms was compared under the 3D objectives. The results demonstrate that all three algorithms show commendable performance in solving the concave optimization problem DTLZ2, with NSGA-III notably outperforming the others in tackling the three-dimensional optimization problem. The capacity of the model to further optimize construction management objectives, while fully adhering to construction constraints, was verified, which provided a decision-making framework for construction organization and management in airport pavement maintenance, catering to diverse requirements.

In frastructure projects such as hydropower, harbours and transport are usually constructed by rockfill of aggregates from local materials, however, the shapes of rockfill of aggregates in different regions are quite different. In order to study the effect of aspect ratio on the K₀ consolidation characteristics of rockfill, firstly, 10 kinds of particle clusters with different aspect ratios were generated by the discrete element method, and then the same equivalent particle size was taken to generate the specimens with the same initial state in the same way, and then the K₀ consolidation test was carried out at last, and the effect of the aspect ratio of the particles on the K₀ consolidation characteristics of the heap stone materials and its micro-mechanisms were explored in detail. The results of the study show these as fouows At the macro level, the specimens with different aspect ratios of rockfill are divided by AR=0.5, when the AR is 0.5~1, the K₀ value of the specimens increases with the increase of aspect ratio, and when the AR is 0.2~0.5, the trend of the change of the K₀ value of the specimens with the increase of the aspect ratio is unknown. This suggests that the particles in the interval of aspect ratio 0.5~1 need to be focused on during engineering design. At the microscopic level, the smaller the particle aspect ratio (the longer the particles), the larger the coordination number, the smaller the average force between the particles, and the smaller the cumulative angle of rotation of the particles, which suggests that the contact between the particles of the specimens with smaller particle aspect ratios is closer, the contact force chain is more dispersed, and the particles are more resistant to rotation. This may be the reason for the differences in K₀ consolidation properties of rockfill with different aspect ratios. The research results can provide theoretical references for the evaluation of K₀ values in areas where there are particle shape differences, and provide a basis for selecting appropriate rockfill materials, ensuring the safety of the project.