A large number of towns in the western mountainous areas are within the hazard range of disaster chains such as landslides and debris flows, making the safety and disaster risk of mountain towns a key focus. The landslide-debris flow disaster chain in Lijie Gully, Lijie Town, Zhouqu County, Gansu Province was taken as a case study. Based on field investigations and remote sensing analysis, surface deformation was analyzed using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology to determine the source of the disaster chain. The RAMMS dynamic model was then employed for the process and risk analysis of debris flows, followed by vulnerability and risk assessment. The research results indicate these as follows. The main subsidence areas within the basin are located at the edge and top of the ancient landslide area above Lijie Gully on the North Mountain, with the main cause of deformation being the seasonal freezing and thawing of soil. Based on the deformation results and remote sensing image analysis, the RAMMS dynamic model is used to conduct risk analysis of the Lijie Gully debris flow under three rainfall frequencies of 1%, 2%, and 5%. The comprehensive evaluation results show that the high-risk area accounts for 70.51%, largely distributed in the loose accumulation surface of the North Mountain landslide, the gully, both banks of the gully, and the accumulation fan at the gully mouth. Based on the risk and vulnerability assessment results, the high-risk area of the Lijie Gully debris flow accounts for 13.10%, mainly distributed in the gully mouth and along both sides of the gully where buildings are located. The large volume of loose accumulation above Lijie Gully is still in a continuous process of creeping-deformation-sliding, providing a large amount of material source for debris flows. The risk zoning results under different rainfall frequencies provide a reference for the disaster reduction of urban debris flows.

In order to solve the problems of wind power fluctuations and intermittency during grid integration, which affect the stable operation of the power grid, a capacity optimization configuration scheme for a flywheel-lithium battery hybrid energy storage system was proposed. This scheme combined empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and variational mode decomposition (VMD). Firstly, typical daily data was obtained using the K-means algorithm, and EMD was applied to decompose the output power signal of these typical wind power daily data into grid-connected power that meets fluctuation limits and power that needs to be smoothed by the hybrid energy storage system. Then, the sparrow search algorithm was used to optimize the number of decomposition modes K and the quadratic penalty factor α in the VMD algorithm. By decomposing the power that needs smoothing using VMD, a reasonable allocation between lithium batteries and flywheel energy storage was achieved. Finally, considering the constraints of energy storage charging and discharging power and state of charge, an economic model was constructed with energy storage cost as the objective function. The actual power generation data of Qiejidunqu wind farm in Gonghe County, Hainan Prefecture, Qinghai Province were simulated and calculated by MATLAB platform. The results show that the proposed strategy not only effectively mitigates wind power fluctuations but also improves the overall economy of the system.

To address the issue of composite scale in dense sandstone formations, an oil-in-acid microemulsion unblocking agent comprising acid, white oil, composite emulsifiers, and additives was developed. The internal structure and morphology of the microemulsion unblocking agent were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Its performance was assessed in terms of thermal stability, dissolution efficiency for inorganic and organic scale plugs, and impact on reservoir permeability. The mechanism of unblocking was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The microemulsion unblocking agent exhibited a spherical dispersion in solution with an average particle size of 6 nm, and maintained stability at 90 ℃ for over 48 h. The dissolution rates for scale formed at different locations were 87.61% and 77.41%. The microemulsion unblocking agent the ability to transition from oil wettingto water wetting, and proved more efficient and faster in resolving complex scale plugging compared to traditional acid solvents. The microemulsion unblocking agent enhanced core permeability recovery rates to over 80%. Results highlight the advantages of the microemulsion unblocking agent, including excellent thermal stability, high scale dissolution capacity, and effective removal of both organic and inorganic composite scales, They can efficiently eliminate obstructions in the wellbore and near-wellbore regions, thereby clearing the wellbore and enhancing the flow paths in the formation and increasing oil and gas production capacity.

Squeeze film damper (SFD) is a commonly used vibration reduction device in rotating machinery such as aero-engine. With the development of aviation science and technology, many new structures of SFD have been derived and developed. The categories of new structural squeeze film dampers from the aspects of structural characteristics, vibration reduction characteristics, vibration reduction effects, and application situations were summarized. Besides, the current research status of new structural squeeze film dampers in China in recent years were also summarized. The shortcomings of current research on new structural squeeze film dampers were pointed out, and an outlook of proposes directions and prospects for future research on new structural squeeze film dampers was made. Besides,the application prospects of new structural squeeze film dampers were pointed out. The results provides a reference for the application and selection of new squeeze film dampers in the vibration reduction design of rotor systems in rotating machinery such as aero engines.

The study area is located in the Dongxiang Volcanic Basin in the middle part of the Qin-Hang mineralization belt, where several gold-lead-zinc (Au-Pb-Zn)-based mineralization and mineralization sites have been detected. Based on the principle of “from the known to the unknown”, combineing the results of physical and chemical exploration, such as the excitation middle gradient measurement and soil geochemistry, the characteristics of the combined parameters of the gamma spectra of Qiaoxi (HS-1) and Oujia (HS-2) was compared and analyzed, it was concluded that the anomaly centers of the characteristic parameters of the ground γ-ray were more concentrated than those of the anomalies obtained from soil geochemistry measurements. It was believed that the anomaly centers of the ground γ-ray energy spectral parameters were more concentrated than those of the soil geochemical measurements, and the F parameters were positively correlated with the anomalies in the K alteration zone, and the N parameters were positively correlated with the anomalies in the Na chemotaxis zone; and it was hypothesized that the HS-2 area has a relatively good prospect of gold polymetallic prospecting. The results provides a new theoretical basis for unit and super-unit delineation of volcanic areas, and proves that in practical work, the geological situation and characteristics of the area was comprehensively analyzed, and the appropriate combination of parameters was determine to indirectly explain the nature or cause of mineralized alteration in the area, which is more instructive than the traditional single-element spectral study.

The Shetianqiao Formation of the Devonian in central Hunan is an important shale gas reservoir in the Taihetang- Guanjiazui area. However, limited understanding of its geophysical and geochemical signatures has hindered the gas reservoir's large-scale exploration and exploitation. A research and development methodology was presented here based on sample analysis and geophysical characterization. Specifically, the method utilized quantification of shale gas occurrence characteristics and distribution patterns in the Shetianqiao Formation using sample analysis and the magnetotelluric (MT) geophysical data inversion technique. The results show that the overall resistivity of favorable layers in the Shetianqiao Formation is less than 200 Ω·m, with a thickness range of 600 to 900 meters and an average burial depth of 0~1 000 meters. Furthermore, the MT method reveals 15 faults and their associated multiplexing segments. It is also confirms that the organic matter in the Shetianqiao Formation is primarily II₂, with an organic carbon content ranging from 0.32% to 3.46% and an average at 0.80%. The average maturity R_o of the formation is 1.78%, indicating a high maturity stage.

Suction anchors are widely used as a foundation type in deepwater environments. Unlike homogeneous soil, the mechanical penetration characteristics of suction anchors in layered soils are extremely complex, influenced by the variation in soil properties and interfaces between layers. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanical behavior of suction anchors during penetration in layered soils. An Euler-Lagrange coupling method was used to simulate the penetration process of suction anchors, and numerical simulations were validated through model tests. The mechanical penetration characteristics of suction anchors in layered soils were analyzed. The results show that, influenced by the mechanical properties of layered soils, vertical stress gradually increases during penetration, forming a vertical stress arch at the anchor tip. The stronger the soil strength, the more concentrated the vertical stress. Additionally, when a suction anchor penetrates from silty clay into silty clay, the mechanical properties of the soil change, causing the side friction and end resistance to increase rapidly. This study, which combines experimental and numerical methods, investigates the mechanical behavior of suction anchors during penetration in layered soils and provides valuable references for deep-water suction anchor penetration in layered soils, offering significant engineering practical value.

To investigate the contents and pollution of heavy metals in calcium-containing biological minerals, 16 samples were collected from three primary categories: eggshells, shells, and animal bones. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was utilized to analyze the contents of seven metalloids and heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Mn). The pollution degree and risk of heavy metals were evaluated using single-factor, Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method, Hakanson potential ecological risk index method, and health risk comprehensive assessment. The results show that As and Cd are not detected in all calcium-containing biological minerals, meanwhile Pb is not detected in both eggshells and shells. Five heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Mn) are detected in the remaining samples, with their contents remaining below standard. Differences in heavy metal contents are observed among different categories and species. Cu, Mn, and Zn have the highest contents of 14.85, 21.47, and 201.99 mg/kg, respectively accumulated in eggshells, shells, and animal bones. The risk assessment results show that the single-factor pollution index of four heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn) in calcium-containing biological minerals is less than 1.0 and the comprehensive pollution index is less than 0.7. All samples are indicated as unpolluted. The potential ecological risk among three types of calcium-containing biological minerals is in descending order: animal bones > eggshells > shells. The non-carcinogenic total risk index of two exposure pathways for minors and adults is less than the safety threshold of 1.0. This finding indicates that five heavy metals in calcium-containing biological minerals are unlikely to threaten human health. Overall, calcium-containing biological minerals can be used as potential sources of fertilizers and soil conditioners in agricultural production. However, their usage should be controlled to prevent heavy metal accumulation and pollution.

In order to evaluate the development potential of coalbed methane in Yangjiapo block on the eastern margin of Ordos Basin and optimize the division method of its development geological units, the geological, resource, reservoir, hydrological and commingled production geological conditions of No.4+5 and No.8+9 coal seams in the block were described by reservoir fine description technology. By using the analogy method and multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the geological conditions of the Baode block in the north were compared, the difficulties of CBM development in the Yangjiapo block were analyzed and summarized, and the evaluation of CBM development potential and division method of development geological units were optimized. The results show that the resource conditions of a single coal seam in the Yangjiapo block are poor, and the cumulative resource abundance of the two coal seams is 1.08×10⁸ m³/km². The reservoir permeability is good, the difference in physical properties between the layers is small, and it has the potential for combined layer development. Faults have an important influence on the gas content and permeability of coal reservoirs within 300 m, and increase the risk of communicating with roof aquifers. The geological unit division method of coalbed methane development was applied to evaluate the development potential and commingled production compatibility of coalbed methane in the Yangjiapo Block. The six geological development units were divided into three levels of potential areas. It is pointed out that the middle part of Yangjiapo block is suitable for commingled development, some areas in the northwest are suitable for commingled development, and the northeast is suitable for replacement development.

The traditional geological method relies too much on the resolution of seismic reflection and the quality of well data for the determination of geological profiles. In view of the fact that the number of well data that can be used for calibration in the early stage of development is very small, and the traditional geological modeling method generates geological profiles. The efficiency is low and it is difficult to support model establishment and frequent updating. A geological profile generation method based on improved Pix2Pix network was proposed. Firstly, the initial three-dimensional data was sliced. Based on the comprehensive analysis of deep learning network, a Pix2Pix network model based on residual and multi-scale discriminator was constructed. The residual mechanism was introduced in the generator part to improve the learning ability of the network to geological features, and a multi-scale discriminator was set for the model to enhance the discriminant performance of the network. The real seismic reflection data and geological profile data of the oilfield were used to train the model. The experimental results show that the performance of the network model is significantly improved after the introduction of residual mechanism and multi-scale discriminator. The SSIM (structural similarity) score of the generated results and the real geological profile can reach 91.89 %, and the geological features in the generated results are highly fitted with the actual situation.