Aiming at the inaccuracy of the finite element analysis (FEA) of heavy-duty engineering wheels under the radial loading condition, a new simulation analysis model based on the results of wheel-tire contact pressure test was established. Firstly, a stress data corresponding to the wheel under inflation pressure condition alone undergo testing, and a loading model for inflation pressure was formulated using a Gaussian function of 4th order. Secondly, a stress data collected while the wheel experiences combined inflation pressure and radial load were analyzed. The influence of inflation pressure was isolated, allowing for the development of a circumferential loading model and an axial loading model for the radial load,using a Fourier function of 4th order and a sinusoidal function of 4th order, respectively. Finally, the validation of the loading model was conducted through Ansys simulation. The outcomes demonstrate the calculation error of mere-approximately 1. 943% in relation to the measured data for the key calibration points. Additionally, the observed stress distribution manifests a remarkable degree of consistency. This substantiates the accuracy and reliability inherent in the proposed radial contact pressure distribution model.

Constitutive analysis of steel wire rope conveyor belt is a key problem for conveyor belt design optimization and energy conservation. Maxwell model and Burgers model based on viscoelastic theory and transient dynamics were constructed. Considering the fretting friction damping between steel wires and the mutual damping between steel wire rope and conveyor belt, a mixed constitutive model was constructed. Under the condition of 0-30 ℃, the relationship between the parameters of the constitutive model was established, the simulation curve was fitted and solved by Matlab, and the accuracy of the mixed constitutive model was verified by taking 40 ℃ as the control group. The verification results show that the maximum error between the conveyor belt represented by this constitutive model and the experiment is 5. 88%, demonstrating that this constitutive model can better characterize the rubber conveyor belt with steel wire rope core. The universality of this model is verified by the method of simulation and prediction. It provides a theoretical basis for the structural optimization and energy-saving analysis of conveyor belt.

The calculation of bending strength for spiral bevel gears is complex, making accurate evaluation extremely challenging. Focusing on the two distinct calculation methods, B1 and B2, as outlined in the ISO 10300 standard, this study begins with the computational principles of both approaches. It compares the selection methods and numerical application principles for parameters involved in calculating root bending stress and allowable bending stress under both methods. The influence of parameter values on root bending stress calculations is analyzed for each method. Through computations on multiple design samples, the root bending stress values derived from both methods are compared. Finite element analysis is employed to validate the computational results. The findings indicate that due to differences in the types and values of correction coefficients used, there are certain discrepancies in the bending strength evaluation results obtained by the two methods. Method B1 yields a more conservative evaluation of root bending strength, with root bending stress approximately 5% lower than that calculated by Method B2. Although the ISO calculation standard accounts for load sharing among multiple teeth, it overlooks the combined effects on root bending stress, leading to deviations from finite element analysis results.Method B1 shows closer agreement with finite element results, with an error margin of about 6%.

A theoretical model of composite metal rubber (C-MR) was established on the basis of static mechanical test. A novel preparation process was used to prepare C-MR, which was subjected to static mechanical tests. The mechanical model of C-MR was established by combining the static mechanical models of wove-metal rubber (W-MR) and tangled-metal rubber (T-MR), and the effects of different knitting and winding ratios on the mechanical properties of C-MR were investigated. The comparison between the test data and the theoretical model shows that the theoretical model can predict the mechanical properties of C-MR effectively. The results show that the knitting and winding ratio has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of C-MR, and the larger the knitting and winding ratio is, the larger the stiffness and damping properties of C-MR are. The conclusion can provide a theoretical support for the preparation and application of C-MR.

The rapid assessment method for metal fatigue performance based on the infrared thermography presents advantages such as short testing cycles, low costs, and high efficiency. However, accurately quantifying factors influencing the dissipation of energy, such as convective heat transfer and thermal radiation, proves challenging. The difficulty leads to complications in achieving the precision necessary to meet test standards in the final assessment results. A mixed-hardening constitutive model for 304 stainless steel was established and coupled with the low-cycle fatigue thermomechanical mechanism, to analyze the evolution pattern of dissipated energy caused by convective heat transfer and thermal radiation during the loading process. Furthermore, the impact of low-cycle fatigue loading frequency on the rapid assessment results of fatigue performance was explored based on the critical threshold of dissipated energy. The research indicates that during the low-cycle fatigue process of 304 stainless steel, the dissipated energy from convective heat transfer and thermal radiation constitutes over 54% of the total dissipated energy. Moreover, this proportion continuously increases with the augmentation of the convective heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, it is crucial not to neglect these factors in dissipated energy assessment calculations. With an increase in loading frequency, the peak load narrows within the region of action time. Consequently, the dissipated energy of each load cycle decreases, leading to a rapid assessment result of fatigue performance that tends to be larger than the test value.

The disc spring will bear the cyclic displacement load during using, resulting in the fatigue damage and the stiffness degradation of the disc spring, which causes irreversible influence on the compensation function when accumulated sufficiently to cause fracture. Therefore, the disc spring material which occurred internal fatigue and structural stiffness degradation was studied under the cyclic load. By considering characteristics of the geometric nonlinearity and the action of the cyclic load, based on the traditional stiffness degradation model, a stiffness degradation model fitting for disc springs was established. The force change of the structural system, the law of stiffness degradation of the disc spring, and the stiffness degradation model were analyzed and verified with the finite element software. The model was modified based on the test data to obtain the model that can be used to calculate the degradation of the disc spring stiffness. This model can predict the deformation of disc springs’ structure in service, and determine the fatigue damage and performance degradation degree,which can provide some basis and reference for the application of disc springs.

Auxetic materials have garnered attention due to their novel behavior under deformation and numerous other material properties, such as fracture resistance, shear resistance, and energy absorption. By integrating hyperelastic materials with auxetic structures, the highly deformable capability enables the design of structures with enhanced mechanical tunability.To this end, a design methodology for 3D printed auxetic structures with improved mechanical adjustability was proposed. The in-plane compressive behavior of the designed structures was investigated through test and numerical analyses. The results demonstrate that, compared to conventional auxetic structures, the composite material with auxetics structures exhibits higher stiffness and enhanced energy absorption performance. By further adjusting the distribution and amplitude of sinusoidal ligaments, auxetic structures with tunable energy absorption, Poisson ratio, and deformation modes were generated. This study presents a design approach for improving the mechanical properties and energy absorption of lightweight structures.

Aiming at the vibration fatigue problem of the battery box of electric vehicles, based on the test loads in the real vehicle test field, the fatigue performance of the battery box was compared and analyzed based on single-axis and multi-axis (sequential loading, coupled loading) vibration loads. Firstly, the three-directional acceleration loads were collected at the sensitive points on the battery box in the test field. The power spectral densities were fitted and compared in the same direction of the loads at different measurement points respectively, and the power spectral densities were accelerated through the frequency-domain damage equivalence method to obtain the distribution characteristics of the random vibration three-directional acceleration power spectral densities under the test field specification. Secondly, based on the theory of random vibration fatigue analysis, the multi-axis sequential excitation and multi-axis coupled excitation of the battery box were constructed. Based on fatigue damage equivalence, a uniaxial strengthening spectrum excitation was constructed. Finally, the fatigue damage of the battery box under three kinds of excitation was compared and analyzed by the numerical simulation.The results show that the damage locations of the battery box are consistent under the three excitations. The damage under multi-axis coupled excitation is greater than that under multi-axis sequential excitation, and the single-axis enhancement spectrum has a better reproduction effect on the multi-axis coupled damage. This can provide guidance for conducting rapid vibration fatigue tests of battery boxes based on uniaxial enhanced load spectra.

Sprocket chain ring drive system is the core component of scraper conveyors. The wear of sprocket chain socket is one of the main fault of scraper conveyors. Started with the analysis of the meshing transmission characteristics of the sprocket chain socket, constructed the Archard linear wear model, calculated the wear depth of the chain socket’s linear under working conditions, measured the wear depth of the actual wear sprocket, and verified the accuracy of the Archard linear wear model. The deformation model of ring chain was constructed by finite element method, the shape change of chain socket busbar was predicted, and the shape of sprocket tooth surface after wear was reconstructed according to the change of direction and busbar. The influencing factors of chain socket wear were analyzed. The results show that increasing the hardness of sprocket material, reducing the chain speed, the load and the laying angle can reduce the chain wear. This study provides a basis for the study of the wear pattern of sprocket chain of scraper conveyors.

Negative Poisson ratio structures are widely applied in various engineering fields due to their excellent mechanical properties. By combining the star-shaped honeycomb structure with the re-entrant structure, a novel re-entrant angle-type negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure is proposed. Firstly, the unit cell structure was simplified and analyzed based on symmetry, and the analytical expressions for the Poisson ratio and equivalent elasticity modulus of the structure were derived using the energy method. Secondly, the vertical compressive mechanical properties of the structure were investigated using Abaqus finite element software, and the numerical simulation results were compared with the theoretical calculations to validate the accuracy of the analytical expressions. Finally, the influence of different geometric parameters of the unit cell structure on the equivalent Poisson ratio and equivalent elasticity modulus was discussed, and the equivalent mechanical properties of the structure were compared with those of conventional star-shaped honeycomb structures. The results demonstrate that the proposed structure exhibits favorable negative Poisson ratio characteristics, and its equivalent mechanical properties can be adjusted by modifying the geometric parameters. The findings provide valuable insights for the design of novel negative Poisson ratio metamaterials.