Zinc indium sulfide (ZnIn₂S₄)/MIL-125 composites were synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method. The effect of ZnIn₂S₄ on the phase, morphology, chemical state, spectral response and photocatalytic performance of the composite was evaluated in detail. The results show that a small amount of ZnIn₂S₄ results in the morphological evolution of MIL-125 from discoid block to pie shape, and a gradual decrease of the specific surface area. The photocatalytic degradation activity towards rhodamine B dye is greatly improved at the optimal ratio of 0.8% (in mole fraction). The degradation efficiency for the composite is 97.7% while the degradation efficiency for pure MIL-125 is only 70.3% within 50 min. It is indicated that a small amount of ZnIn₂S₄ suppresses the carrier recombination and improves the carrier transport, finally resulting in the enhancement of photocatalytic activity. In addition, the possible mechanism is also proposed.

The effects of attapulgite thermally activated at different temperatures, formaldehyde concentration and gas residence time on the formaldehyde removal efficiency were investigated. The reaction mechanism of formaldehyde on the surface of attapulgite particles was investigated by In-situ-diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy. The results show that attapulgite (Pal-250) thermally activated at 250℃ has an optimum formaldehyde removal rate. Oxygen enhances the removal of formaldehyde in the presence of Pal-250, indicating that the removal mechanism of attapulgite thermally activated for formaldehyde is physical adsorption and the catalytic mineralization process. The adsorbed formaldehyde can be partially mineralized into methylene dioxymehtylene, formate, carbonate and other species.

Modified tobermorillonite (AHTOB) with a specific surface area of 570 m²/g was prepared by heating and acidification of tobermorillonite (TOB). The structure and specific surface area and pore size of the modified tobermorillonite were characterized by X-ray diffraction and N₂ adsorption-desorption. The adsorption properties of three adsorbents on methylene blue solution (MB) were investigated by static adsorption experiments, and the adsorption mechanism of modified TOB on MB was analyzed. The effects of adsorbents, solution pH value, initial MB concentration, adsorption time, and temperature on the adsorption behavior were investigated, and the thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of AHTOB adsorbed on MB solution were investigated. The adsorption of MB was analyzed in 50 mL of MB at a concentration of 10 mg/L. The results show that the adsorption rates of unmodified TOB, HTOB, and AHTOB on MB are 50.00%, 53.72%, and 97.35%, respectively. At different initial concentrations of MB, the maximum adsorption capacities of TOB and HTOB are 102.36 mg/g and 113.80 mg/g, and the adsorption capacity of AHTOB on MB is 248.01 mg/g. The adsorption efficiency of AHTOB modified by heating and acidification compound is improved. The optimal conditions for adsorption are pH value of 5-7, shaking time of 30 min, and temperature of 20-25℃.

Thick thermal barrier coatings (TTBC) have good thermal insulation properties and can effectively improve the gas inlet temperature before aero-engine turbine or gas turbine. Plasma spraying is a common method for preparing TTBCs. This paper reviewed recent research work on plasma sprayed TTBCs, and pointed out the challenges for TTBCs. The splat effect, the structure and properties of coatings were emphatically discussed. In addition, the future development was also prospected.

Two-dimensional continuous carbon fiber toughened silicon carbide composite (2D C/SiC) z-pinned joint was prepared by a chemical vapor infiltration method. The microstructure features and the tensile behaviors were investigated, and the corresponding failure mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the joint is porous, non-uniform bonded with non-uniform clearance. The average joint shear strength reaches 157.77 MPa, which exceeds the 2D C/SiC in-plane shear strength. The main failure mechanisms involve debonding of the lap interface, bearing between the pin and the hole and fibers shear-off within the pin. Three typical damage morphologies appear around the hole, i.e., intact morphology, matrix crushing and pin-hole debonding.

The growth processes (i.e., growth rate, inward/outward growth and compositions) of micro-arc oxidation coatings formed on AZ31 Mg alloys in different electrolytes (i.e., aluminate, silicate and phosphate, respectively) were investigated. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies with elemental distribution and the cross sections of the micro-arc oxidation coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The phase compositions of three micro-arc oxidation coatings with different coating thickness were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistances of the micro-arc oxidation coatings were evaluated by electrochemical measurements and hydrogen evolution test. The growth processes in different electrolytes indicate the reasons for different anti-corrosion performances of the micro-arc oxidation coatings. The results show that the growth of micro-arc oxidation coating in aluminate is mainly due to the anionic compound deposition, and the coating grows outward, and the growth of the micro-arc oxidation coatings in silicate and phosphate is mainly due to the oxidation of the substrate, leading to the coating to grow inward. It is indicated that the growth processes of micro-arc oxidation coatings with 15 μm thickness in different electrolytes result in that different corrosion resistances (i.e., AZ31-Si> AZ31-P>> AZ31-Al).

Attapulgite (ATP) nano-powder was functionalized by ionic liquid (IL) and silane coupling agent, and then functional ATP reinforced epoxy (EP) composite was prepared. The tribological properties of the composite rubbing against GCr15 bearing steels were investigated under dry friction conditions in a model TRM-1000 pin-on-disc tribometer. The tribological mechanism was analyzed based on the characterization of interfacial microstructures and tribo-chemical reactions. The results show that the surface functionalization of ATP significantly restrains the agglomeration and promotes its uniform dispersion in the resin. Moreover, the maximum wear resistance is achieved by filling EP with functionalized ATP modified by IL (3%, in mass fraction). The wear resistance is enhanced by 60%, compared to neat EP. Iron oxide and silicon oxide-based tribofilm formed at the friction interface mitigated the direct contact of the friction pairs, thus improving the wear resistance of EP materials. It is indicated that ATP could be used as a promising friction functional mineral filler in wear-resistant polymer.

Biofilm and the microscopic properties of mortar were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results show that a mature biofilm can be formed on the surface of mortar at 30 d. In a macroscopic study, the biofilm is a transparent and viscous substance containing white matter. In a microscopic study, the biofilm is a film structure formed by rod-shaped sulfur-oxidizing bacteria wrapped with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The biofilm on the surface of 90 d mortar is in the disintegration stage. The thickness, protein optical density (OD) value and microorganism number OD value of the 30 d biofilm are 1.59 mm, 0.086, and 1.614, respectively, which are higher than those of the 90 d biofilm. Based on the results of a microscopic study, the plate-like mineralized gypsum gradually occurs in mortar, the semicircular diameter of the first half of the electrochemical impedance spectrum gradually becomes larger and the inclination angle of the second half of the straight line becomes larger, and some pores in mortar fill with gypsum when the test age increases. Compared to the 30 d test age, the 90 d gypsum content is relatively larger, and the 90 d adhered biofilm dehydrated content of gypsum is 0.248% greater than the 90 d unattached biofilm dehydrated content of gypsum. This indicates that the biofilm formed by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria could have a corrosive deepening effect on mortar.

The damage of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) under load-temperature coupling was evaluated by using the indexes of ultrasonic pulse velocity, mass loss rate, bulk density and thermal conductivity. The results show that the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of UHPC decreases, and the damage increases gradually with the increase of load. The temperature has little effect on the UHPC damage and the UPV fluctuates at 4.55 km/s. The bulk density decreases slightly with the increase of load and temperature, i.e., only 0.73% and 1.80%, respectively, at a stress ratio of 0.5 and a temperature of 90℃. The test results of mass loss rate show the similar regularity. Load and temperature both have a greater influence on the thermal conductivity of UHPC. The thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of the increase of load and temperature. At 3 d, the thermal conductivity of UHPC in the presence of a stress ratio of 0.5 is decreased by 21.80%, compared to that in the absence of load, and the thermal conductivity of UHPC at 90℃ is decreased by 14.90%, compared to that at 30℃. A meso model of thermal conductivity of the UHPC under load-temperature coupling was proposed based on the assumption that the thermal conductivity of solid phase in UHPC could increase linearly with increasing saturation and eliminate the effects of load and temperature on the UHPC porosity. It is indicated that the theoretical values calculated by the model could be in reasonable agreement with the measured data.

3D printing technique, which is based on digital model files and use of computer-aided layer by layer printing to construct 3D objects, has attracted recent attentions. In this review, we introduced recent development on 3D printing glass techniques, including fused deposition, selective laser sintering, stereo lithography, digital light processing, ink direct writing, etc.. In addition, we also discussed the application of 3D printing glass in various aspects, analyzed the current problems of 3D printing glass techniques, and gave a prospect on 3D printing glass techniques.