In view of the lack of research on rescue scenarios in the operation of metro railway and the inability of the electric multiple unit (EMU) to fully meet the timeliness requirements of rescue, the runaway risk and braking strategy of metro train rescue conditions are studied. Firstly, a longitudinal dynamic model is established for the coupling of multi formation trains and then Beijing New Airport Line is token as an example to analyze the potential risk of train slip caused by the existing urban rail transit operation under rescue scenario. Finally, based on relevant standards, this study analyzes the comfort of passengers under different braking modes during the rescue process. The results show that when coupled at a speed of 5 km/h on a 33‰ slope, the acceleration and jerk rate of the train will reach 10.5 m/s² and 9.9 m/s³ while at holding brake mode, and slip will occur. However, the acceleration and jerk rate of the train at emergency braking mode decrease by 63.1% and 54.7%, respectively, and no slip occurrs. When the coupling speed is reduced to 3 km/h, the maximum acceleration and maximum impact rate are reduced to 2.1 m/s² and 2.4 m/s³, respectively, which means passenger comfort significantly improves. When the train is parked on a slope, due to the braketraction switching process, the holding brake force should reach to 60% or more of the maximum service braking force to ensure that the vehicle will not slide on the maximum slope.

The construction of dual prevention mechanisms is an important task in the safety management of urban rail transit projects. Currently, guidance in the construction of dual prevention mechanisms is deficient owing to the lack of laws and regulations, differences in the understanding and implementation of dual prevention mechanisms in various cities, and various problems in the execution process. An investigation of the current scenario of the construction of the dual prevention mechanisms revealed that the problems are primarily manifested in the mixing of phrases and terminologies, lack of safety risk management assessments, incomplete investigation and rectification of hidden dangers, inconsistent grading standards of hidden dangers, and insufficient combinations of risk and hidden danger controls. Relevant research can provide a reference for the standardization and improvement of dual prevention and control in the field of urban rail transit engineering.

To improve the comprehensive development efficiency of land along rail transit lines, guide the orderly development of urban rail transit stations, and ensure the supporting role of urban sustainable development, we conducted innovative research on the overall strategy of comprehensive transitoriented development (TOD) in Foshan based on a toplevel design. First, we outline the practical problems encountered by Foshan City, an important mega city in the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, in the current stage of comprehensive development of rail transit, such as the lack of interest sharing mechanisms, failure to collect and store land along the line in advance, insufficient planning and coordination of station site selection, and mismatched timing between rail construction and comprehensive development. Subsequently, a comprehensive coordination framework for reasonable development is described. Development strategies are proposed, such as improving toplevel design, strengthening strategic coordination, advancing land preparation and storage, and exploring diversified land supply. Finally, using the land use planning practice along the second phase of construction planning for an urban rail transit line in Foshan City (Line 4 Phase I, Line 2 Phase II, and Line 11) as an example, toplevel policy challenges, toplevel planning challenges (coordination of national spatial planning and comprehensive transportation planning), land challenges (land preparation and storage, diversified land supply mode issues), and TOD construction mode challenges are discussed. We explore and establish a toplevel design practice path for comprehensive development that corresponds with the characteristics of Foshan City and propose an overall strategy for TOD comprehensive development that is suitable for the actual scenario in Foshan City. This can effectively guide the implementation of comprehensive development of land around stations along the line and provide valuable toplevel design practice experience and reference basis for similar metropolitan areas.

To advance the energy conservation of subway stations, this study focused on the optimization of control strategies for ventilation and airconditioning (VAC) systems. In this study, Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou were selected as representative cities for the cold, hotsummer coldwinter, and hotsummer warmwinter regions, respectively. In addition, a model of a subway station with a platform screen door system was established using a transient system simulation program (TRNSYS). The performances of automation and optimized timetable control were compared in terms of station environment, energy performance, and renovation costs. The results show that both automation and optimized timetable control can effectively improve the station air temperature during the cooling season, thereby achieving a similar station environment. Automatic control can reduce the annual energy consumption of the VAC system by 41%49% compared with the current conventional timetable control, whereas optimized timetable control can decrease the annual energy use by 38%48%. For renovation costs, optimized timetable control merely requires improvement in management without supplementing devices, whereas automatic control requires higher equipment and maintenance costs. Therefore, we recommend the adoption of optimized timetable control for subway stations to achieve energy savings.

In response to the integrated fare system for areas that use crossstandard rail transit payment in urban areas, based on previous literature and domestic and international research, this article first clarifies the principle of crossstandard barrierfree ticket pricing under a single path. Subsequently, the multipath crossstandard barrierfree ticket pricing schemes are divided into two categories: origin–destination (OD) differential and OD equal pricing. The technical methods of accurately tracking passengers based on the classification of ticket types used by passengers in OD pricing research are discussed, and infeasible conclusions are obtained. The OD sameprice study recommends the weighted path algorithm, which considers the revenue of revenueguarantee enterprises and the public welfare guarantee of people's travel expenses. This paper proposes two algorithms, namely the passenger flow weighted path and average weighted path, describes the calculation steps of the algorithm in detail, and verifies the feasibility of the algorithm through two examples of Guangzhou Metro. This study is the first in China to fill a gap in the country to a certain extent.

In order to enhance the safety of Fully Automatic Operation (FAO) systems in urban rail transit, a hazard analysis method for FAO systems is proposed, which is based on scenario fusion from the perspective of FAO system operation and maintenance. The method initiates by identifying scenario elements and integrating them, to generate FAO application scenarios. It then comprehensively selects an allocation method of semiquantitative SIL (Safety Integrity Level) among proportional allocation, prior information allocation, and combined logical allocation, to complete the allocation of safety targets of functions of the core subsystems. Finally, the analysis method is applied in an actual engineering project case, providing a reference for subsequent hazard analysis and SIL allocation for metro lines with FAO system. This approach also addresses the limitations of traditional FMECA (Failure Mode, Effect and Criticality Analysis) in performing SIL allocation for multisystem functions.

Metro traction current changes dynamically during train operation, resulting in magneticinduced voltage in the peripheral grid circuit, which is one of the key challenges that cause transformers to undergo DC demagnetization. The generation of magnetic induction voltage is affected by various factors. To quantitatively analyze the size of the contribution of different influencing factors, this paper uses the magnetic induction voltage formula to derive the main influencing factors of the magnetic induction voltage of the subway. Subsequently, the “subway linetransmission line” magnetic coupling boundary element model is established to simulate and analyze the influence of the key factors on the induction voltage. The influence of the key factors on the induction voltage is analyzed. During the smooth running of the train, the induced voltage is not significantly affected, and at 1000 m, the induced voltage is attenuated by 90%. We constructed the backpropagation (BP) neural network to generate the magnetically induced voltage and analyzed the contribution of each influencing factor to the magnetically induced voltage using the mean impact value (MIV). The results show that the main influencing factors in the equivalent loop of the subway are the same as those in the grid, and the magnetically induced voltage in the equivalent loop is the same as that in the grid. The results show that the magnetic induction voltage in the equivalent loop is more likely to be influenced by the equivalent loop length, the contribution of which is 44.38%, and the relative distance has the smallest contribution of 21.31%. Therefore, the area of the power system constituting the equivalent loop is the most important factor affecting the magnetic induction voltage.

Amidst the ongoing development of rail transit and urbanization in China, station square planning with singlefunction can no longer meet the varied demands of urban construction. This study examined the construction history and related planning standards of station squares in Japan, conducted onsite research on station squares in multiple cities at different levels, analyzed the spatial planning and development methods for representative cases, and summarized the conclusions regarding Japanese station squares. The planning experience revealed the following recommendations: Pay attention to the spatial regulatory role of the station square in the integrated development of the station and city, and adjust the urban function of the square according to planning requirements. The construction of the square should be combined with the development characteristics of the surrounding areas of the station, focusing on the flexible layout and diversified use of the square. A cooperative organization should be established at each stage to focus on mutual communication and division of responsibilities among the various construction departments of the square, as well as the development of a continuous user participation mechanism and a complete square operation system, thereby hoping to provide reference and guidance for the sustainable development of China's rail transit and reasonable urban space planning.

Rapid urbanization and population growth have led to a continuous increase in passenger flow in urban rail transit, which presents significant challenges to the safety, comfort, and stability of rail transit operations. To solve the problem of excessive load rate of urban rail transit during peak hours, we propose a cooperative passenger flow control method for urban rail transit based on deep reinforcement learning. This method uses the full load rate between intervals as its state, a flow restriction strategy as its action, and the passenger flow experience as its reward. It generates an optimal flow restriction scheme through multiround reinforcement learning. We validated the effectiveness of this method by constructing simulation experiments using data from the Beijing subway network. The simulation results show that the cooperative passenger flow control method can effectively reduce passenger flow in a section, relieve congestion during peak hours, and improve passenger travel comfort.

To ensure the safety of ancient buildings during subway shield tunneling, a general technical approach involving initial assessment, reinforcement, construction monitoring, subsequent evaluation, and additional reinforcement has been established. This study built a 1: 3.52 physical model of ancient buildings and conducted shaking table tests to obtain the damping ratio of structures Ansys was used to build a threedimensional model. Using structural and modal analysis for vulnerable structures for strengthening and prevention, this study provides a reference for the followup vibration monitoring and shield construction. The construction parameters were adjusted according to the construction monitoring data in the test area. The results showed that the maximum displacement of the structure was approximately 14.01 mm under static analysis, which verified the validity of the threedimensional model. The basic frequency of the structural model was 0.590 46 Hz and the most vulnerable position was sandalwood. During shield tunneling, the acceleration of ancient buildings was less than 0.003 m/s², the vibration frequency was primarily concentrated at 0.6–20.5 Hz, and the vibration frequency was in the normal range. The paper proposes that the overall solution of subway shield tunneling through the ancient buildings involves a uniform driving speed, avoiding the operation peak period, using the grouting reinforcement between the strata in the affected area, supporting the vulnerable structure of the ancient buildings, and adopting a vibration isolation and vibration reduction scheme during the construction. This provides a reference for similar subsequent projects.