Latest ArticlesInvasive fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), inflammatory macrophages and osteoclasts are the main three contributors to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression by promoting synovial inflammation and destructing cartilage and bone. Targeting these three cell types for restoring the inflammatory homeostasis microenvironment may be a promising anti-RA strategy. Herein, we prepared a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive micelles (DPTM) to co-load dexamethasone (DEX) and pristimerin (PRI) for RA therapy. This ROS-responsive system exhibits the following advantages: (1) It makes use of the "ELVIS" effect for passive delivery and targeting the ROS environment of RA-related cells to rapidly release the payload drugs DEX and PRI. (2) Compared with free drugs, DPTM showed stronger effect on the inhibition of RA-FLS proliferation and the promotion of RA-FLS apoptosis. Moreover, DPTM could significantly weaken the migration ability of RA-FLS as indicated by the results of wound healing assay and transwell assay. (3) DPTM exerted stronger cellular uptake and anti-inflammatory effect in M1 macrophages. (4) In the model studying receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to osteoclasts, DPTM showed a stronger inhibitory activity on osteoclast formation as compared to free drugs. Taken together, these results highlighted the potential of DPTM for targeted RA therapy via inhibition of RA-FLS abnormal activation, macrophage polarization and osteoclastogenesis.
Herein, we report the design and synthesis of alternating donor-acceptor nanorings [3]C-NA and [4]C-NA, along with a reference linear molecule [3]L-NA, via electrochemical oxidation-induced reductive elimination of alkynyl platinum(Ⅱ) complexes. Unlike [3]L-NA, which exhibits charge defects at its end-groups, the cyclic structures of [3]C-NA and [4]C-NA facilitate enhanced electron delocalization, enabling efficient charge transfer in low-polarity toluene. In the polar solvent dichloromethane (DCM), the increased flexibility of [4]C-NA promotes intramolecular charge transfer and suppresses charge recombination. The observed faster intramolecular charge transfer and slower charge recombination rates in these nanoring acceptor materials suggest their potential for improving the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells, providing valuable insights for the design of nanoring acceptor materials.
2, 6-Diisopropylaniline reacts with an open-cage fullerene derivative with a 11-membered orifice and forms an open-cage derivative containing one imino group on the rim of the expanded orifice. Further treatment with Lewis acids leads to open-cage fullerenes with an 18-membered orifice. Instead of the direct addition process observed before for less bulky anilines, an electron transfer process takes place in the initial step in the present reaction with bulky 2, 6-diisopropylaniline. As a result, the chemo-selectivity is completely different affording the mono imino open-cage derivative selectively.
Although diverse signal-amplified methods have been committed to improve the sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensing, introducing convenient and robust signal amplification strategy into SPR biosensing remains challenging. Here, a novel nanozyme-triggered polymerization amplification strategy was proposed for constructing highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor. In detail, Au@Pd core-shell nanooctahedra nanozyme with superior peroxidase (POD)-like activity was synthesized and utilized as a label probe. Simultaneously, Au@Pd core-shell nanooctahedra nanozyme can catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 to form hydroxyl radicals (•OH) that triggers the polymerization of aniline to form polyaniline attaching on the surface of sensor chip, significantly amplifying SPR responses. The sensitivity of SPR immunosensor was enhanced by nanozyme-triggered polymerization amplification strategy. Using human immunoglobulin G (HIgG) as a model, the constructed SPR immunosensor obtains a wide linear range of 0.005–1.0 µg/mL with low detection limit of 0.106 ng/mL. This research provides new sights on establishing sensitive SPR immunosensor and may evokes more inspiration for developing signal amplification methods based on nanozyme in biosensing.
Nickel-rich cathode materials have received widespread attention due to their high energy density. However, the poor rate capability and inferior cycle stability seriously hinder their large-scale application. The traditional co-precipitation method for preparing them has a long process and easily arises agglomeration leading to inhomogeneous element distribution. Here, a novel precursor containing Li element was prepared by ultrafast spray pyrolysis (SP) in 3–5 s. Then the precursor was used to synthesize pristine LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (NCM90) and 1% Mg modified LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (NCM90-Mg1). This method gets rid of mixing Li/Mg source and the precursor prepared by common co-precipitation, thus could achieve homogeneous lithiation and Mg2+ doping. The cell parameter c is expanded, and the cation disorder is reduced after Mg2+ doping. Furthermore, the harmful H2-H3 phase transition in NCM90-Mg1 is also well suppressed. As a result, the obtained NCM90-Mg1 shows better electrochemical performance than NCM90. Within 2.8–4.3 V (25 ℃), the specific discharge capacity of NCM90-Mg1 at 5 C is as high as 169.1 mAh/g, and an outstanding capacity retention of 70.0% (10.0% higher than NCM90) can be obtained after 400 cycles at 0.5 C. At 45 ℃, a capacity retention of 81.9% after 100 cycles at 1 C is recorded for NCM90-Mg1. Moreover, the NCM90-Mg1 also exhibits superior cycle stability when cycled at high cut-off voltage (4.5 V, 25 ℃), possessing the capacity retention of 79.2% after 200 cycles at 1 C. Therefore, SP can be proposed as a powerful method for the preparation of multi-element materials for next-generation high energy density LIBs.
Urea-assisted water electrolysis offers a promising route to reduce energy consumption for hydrogen production and meanwhile treat urea-rich wastewater. Herein, we devised a shear force-involved polyoxometalate-organic supramolecular self-assembly strategy to fabricate 3D hierarchical porous nanoribbon assembly Mn-VN cardoons. A bimetallic polyoxovanadate (POV) with the inherent structural feature of Mn surrounded by [VO6] octahedrons was introduced to trigger precise Mn incorporation in VN lattice, thereby achieving simultaneous morphology engineering and electronic structure modulation. The lattice contraction of VN caused by Mn incorporation drives electron redistribution. The unique hierarchical architecture with modulated electronic structure that provides more exposed active sites, facilitates mass and charge transfer, and optimizes the associated adsorption behavior. Mn-VN exhibits excellent activity with low overpotentials of 86 mV and 1.346 V at 10 mA/cm2 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and urea oxidation reaction (UOR), respectively. Accordingly, in the two-electrode urea-assisted water electrolyzer utilizing Mn-VN as a bifunctional catalyst, hydrogen production can occur at low voltage (1.456 V@10 mA/cm2), which has the advantages of energy saving and competitive durability over traditional water electrolysis. This work provides a simple and mild route to construct nanostructures and modulate electronic structure for designing high-efficiency electrocatalysts.
As one of the most common gynecological malignancies, peritoneal metastasis is a common feature and cause of high mortality in ovarian cancer (OC). Currently, the standard treatment for OC and its peritoneal metastasis is maximal cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with platinum-based chemotherapy. Compared with intravenous chemotherapy, traditional intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy exhibits obvious pharmacokinetic (PK) advantages and systemic safety and has shown significant survival benefits in several clinical studies of OC patients. However, there remain several challenges in traditional IP chemotherapy, such as insufficient drug retention, a lack of tumor targeting, inadequate drug penetration, gastrointestinal toxicity, and limited inhibition of tumor metastasis and chemoresistance. Nanomedicine-based IP targeting delivery systems, through specific drug carrier design with tumor cells and tumor environment (TME) targeting, make it possible to overcome these challenges and maximize local therapy efficacy while reducing side effects. In this review article, the rationale and challenges of nanomedicine-based IP chemotherapies, as well as their in vivo fate after IP administration, which are crucial for their rational design and clinical translation, are firstly discussed. Then, current strategies for nanomedicine-based targeting delivery systems and the relevant clinical trials in IP chemotherapy are summarized. Finally, the future directions of the nanomedicine-based IP targeting delivery system for OC and its peritoneal metastasis are proposed, expecting to improve the clinical development of IP chemotherapy.
Natural phytoconstituents exhibit distinct advantages in the management and prevention of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), attributed to their robust biological activity, multi-target effects, and elevated safety profile. Although promising, the clinical application of phytoconstituents have been impeded by poor water solubility, low oral bioavailability, and inadequate colonic targeting. Recent advancements in nanotechnology has offered prospective avenues for the application of phytoconstituents in the treatment of IBD. A common strategy involves encapsulating or conjugating phytoconstituents with nanocarriers to enhance their stability, prolong intestinal retention, and facilitate targeted delivery to colonic inflammatory tissues. Furthermore, drawing inspiration from the self-assembling nanostructures that emerge during the decoction process of Chinese herbs, a variety of natural active compounds-based nanoassemblies have been developed for the treatment of IBD. They exhibit high drug-loading capacities and surmount the challenges posed by poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Notably, phyto-derived nanovesicles, owing to their unique structure and biological functions, can serve as therapeutic agents or novel delivery vehicles for the treatment of IBD. Consequently, this review provides an extensive overview of emerging phytoconstituent-derived nano-medicines/vesicles for the treatment of IBD, intending to offer novel insights for the clinical management of IBD.
Transition metal selenides are considered promising electrochemical energy storage materials due to their excellent rate properties and high capacity based on multi-step conversion reactions. However, its practical applications are hampered by poor conductivity and large volume variation for Na+ storage, which resulting fast capacity decay. Herein, a facile metal-organic framework (MOF) derived method is explored to embed Cu2-xSe@C particles into a carbon nanobelts matrix. Such carbon encapsulated nanobelts' structural moderate integral electronic conductivity and maintained the structure from collapsing during Na+ insertion/extraction. Furthermore, the porous structure of these nanobelts endows enough void space to mitigate volume stress and provide more diffusion channels for Na+/electrons transporting. Due to the unique structure, these Cu2-xSe@C nanobelts achieved ultra-stable cycling performance (170.7 mAh/g at 1.0 A/g after 1000 cycles) and superior rate capability (94.6 mAh/g at 8 A/g) for sodium-ion batteries. The kinetic analysis reveals that these Cu2-xSe@C nanobelts with considerable pesoudecapactive contribution benefit the rapid sodiation/desodiation. This rational design strategy broadens an avenue for the development of metal selenide materials for energy storage devices.
Despite significant progress has been achieved regarding the shuttle-effect of lithium polysulfides, the suppressed specific capacity and retarded redox kinetics under high sulfur loading still threat the actual energy density and power density of lithium-sulfur batteries. In this study, a graham condenser-inspired carbon@WS2 host with coil-in-tube structure was designed and synthesized using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane with vertically aligned nanopores as template. The vertical array of carbon nanotubes with internal carbon coils not only leads to efficient charge transfer across through the thickness of the cathode, but also provides significant confinement to polysulfide diffusion towards both the lateral and longitudinal directions. Few-layer WS2 in the carbon coils perform a synergistic role in suppressing the shuttle-effect as well as boosting the cathodic kinetics. As a result, high specific capacity (1180 mAh/g at 0.1 C) and long-cycling stability at 0.5 C for 500 cycles has been achieved at 3 mgS/cm2. Impressive areal capacity of 7.4 mAh/cm2 has been demonstrated when the sulfur loading reaches 8.4 mg/cm2. The unique coil-in-tube structure developed in this work provides a new solution for high sulfur loading cathode towards practical lithium-sulfur batteries.
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