Latest ArticlesThe intrinsic hypoxic tumor microenvironment and limited accumulation of photosensitizers (PSs) result in unsatisfied efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT). To enhance the PDT efficiency against solid tumors, a functional oxygen self-supplying and PS-delivering nanosystem is fabricated via the combination of catalase (CAT), chlorin e6 (Ce6) and metal-phenolic network (MPN) capsule. It is demonstrated that the CAT encapsulated in the capsules (named CCM capsules) could catalyze the degradation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce molecular oxygen (O2), which could be converted into cytotoxicity reactive oxygen species (ROS) by surface-loaded Ce6 under 660 nm laser irradiation, leading to synergistic anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the application of CCM capsule could be a promising strategy to improve PDT effectiveness.
Organic metal halide perovskite materials have excellent photoelectric properties, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has increased from 3.8% to more than 25%. In the development of PSCs, innovative architectures were being proposed constantly. However, the use of the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL) increases manufacturing costs and process complexity. Perovskite material has ambipolar charge transport characteristics, so it could functionalize as both the optical absorption layer and carrier transport layer (CTL). In this review, we analyzed the p/n-type perovskite materials, perovskite p-n homojunction solar cells, and carrier transport layers-free (CTLs-free) devices. Finally, we propose some innovative device architectures. We hope that this mini review could pave way for the simplification of the architectures, promote the preparation of the low-cost and high-efficiency devices, and accelerate the commercialization of the PSCs.
To reduce greenhouse gas emission from oil and gas production, it is essential to better convert methane to useful chemicals (rather) than to flare it. Conversion of methane to liquid oxygenates (mainly methanol) has attracted extensive attention and countless efforts have been made; however, running this reaction in a green, efficient, and practical way has remained elusive. The novel catalyst and oxidants play a critical role in activating methane and converting it to oxygenates (methanol). In this review, the work of commonly used oxidants for methane partial oxidation have been summarized, in which, earth abundant oxidants, O2 and H2O are promising. Moreover, H2 or CO can activate O2 to produce H2O2 that catalyzes methane partial oxidation more efficiently and selectively than O2 or H2O. Therefore, the work of using reducing agent, such as CO and H2 have been reviewed, focusing on rational catalyst design that features multifunction (H2O2 production and CH4 activation). The novel catalyst design has advanced this reaction towards practicality with green oxidants and H2 using zeolites-based catalyst. Environmentally friendly zeolite preparation methods and novel two-dimensional (2D) zeolites that can reduce waste, improve synthesis and catalytical performance substantially are also reviewed in this work to provide insights for a more comprehensive approach to meet the environment protection needs.
An efficient photocatalytic alkylation/cyclization of allylic amide with N-hydroxyphthalimide ester has been developed. The transformation is taken advantage of alkyl radicals to attack allylic amide with the assist of inexpensive rose bengal as photocatalyst to prepare a series of alkyl substituted oxazolines in moderate to excellent yields. High regioselectivity, operational safety, mild conditions and excellent substrate generality give this protocol broad application prospects.
Dye desalination is a challenge in the treatment of textile wastewater with high salt concentration. It is imperative to develop salt resistance membrane that is from sustainable materials to effectively treat dye/salt mixtures. And most polymer membrane materials are non-renewable petrochemical resources. In this paper, a green hydrogel membrane (CMCS-OA-NaAlg) was prepared by non-metallic ions of oxalic acid (OA) cross-linking of two natural macromolecules of sodium alginate (NaAlg) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS). The membrane showed excellent anti-swelling at high salt concentration (swelling rate less than 8.0% in 10.0 wt% NaCl solution) and good anti-fouling performance. The membrane exhibited a rejection higher than 95.0% for dyes (bright blue, direct black, direct red, and Congo red) and lower than 7.0% for NaCl, which can achieve better dye/NaCl separation performance. This study provides a promising membrane material for high salt textile wastewater treatment only using water and carbohydrates as raw materials without any organic solvents.
In 2020, the MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization in Zhejiang University had made progresses in several aspects. First, a series of metal-free organoboron catalysts had been designed and synthesized facilely, exhibiting outstanding reactivity, thermalstability and productivity in different kinds of polymerization and cycloaddition reactions. Second, a variety of chalcogen (O, S, Se)-rich polymers had been synthesized via organocatalysis and fabricated to be the ionic conductive and photoluminescent materials. Third, diverse microenvironment-sensitive nanoparticles had been designed, and novel strategies had been realized, to enhance the therapeutic efficacy in cancer as well as biofilm-associated infections. Fourth, m6A modification on cellular transcriptome-wide messenger RNA had been successfully mapped at single base resolution using a metabolic labeling method. Fifth, a hydrogel-based robot had been developed, showing swift locomotion as a response to dynamic light stimulations. Sixth, the conformation-size scaling law and the conformation evolution map of 2D macromolecules in solution had been elucidated experimentally, in the single-layer graphene oxide model. Seventh, semitransparent polymer solar cells, promising as building-integrated photovoltaics, have been developed with the fine balance among power conversion efficiency, visible light transparency and infrared photon radiation rejection. Finally, long-range ordered bulk-heterojunctions of organic semiconductors had been achieved, and their superior optoelectronic properties and potential application in photoelectric conversion had been revealed. The related work progresses are reviewed in this paper.
Nanoparticle-based disease detection, prevention and therapies have gained increased interests in biomedical applications, owing to their significant advantages in therapeutic efficacy and safety. Nonetheless, suffering from the challenges including fast recognition and clearance of foreign nanoparticles by innate immune system before arriving at diseased regions, clinical applications of nanoparticles are usually intercepted. Among various strategies for reducing non-specific phagocytosis and enhancing disease-targeting efficiency of nanoparticles, membrane coating nanotechnology exhibits great potential in the disease diagnosis and therapeutics due to both the structural and functional preservation of membrane proteins from source cells. Benefiting the inherited immune-regulation capacities, this review mainly summarized the latest development of such biomimetic nanoparticles for immunotherapy in treating immune-related diseases including microbial infections, inflammation, tumor and autoimmune diseases.
Ferroustherapy has gained great attention for anti-cancer treatment in recent years. Enlightened by temperature-mediated Fenton reaction in industrial waste water removal, we designed a iron-based polyphenol-coordinated nanomedicines for mild hyperthermia-assisted anti-cancer ferroustherapy. In brief, Fe-GA@BSA nanoparticles was synthesized by self-assembly and sorafenib (SRF) was loaded into Fe-GA@BSA to establish Fe-GA@BSA-SRF nanomedicines. The result nanomedicines can induce ferroptosis in cancer cells by accelerating Fenton reaction. And the photothermal effect of Fe-GA@BSA-SRF was used for mild hyperthermia-assisted ferroustherapy. The nanomedicines performs good anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy by inducing the production of ROS and inhibiting glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression in vitro and in vivo. Besides, the broad absorption of Fe-GA@BSA-SRF in near infrared region endows it with photoacoustic imaging ability. This study provides ideas about rational design on iron-based nanoparticles for anti-cancer ferroustherapy.
With the enhancement of the people consciousness of environment protection, soot particulates (PM) elimination has drawn wide attention in recent years. Efficient after-treatment with well-designed catalysts is one of the best ways to eliminate soot particulates that come from diesel engines. Catalysts coated on the DPF (diesel particulate filter) are considered as the main factor to lower soot ignition temperature. Improvement of the structures of the catalysts is significantly important in order to achieve good catalytic performance and high stability. Based on the structures, soot combustion catalysts can be mainly divided into three types: particle-based catalysts, 3DOM catalysts and nanoarray catalysts. This review mainly summarized recent advances in soot combustion catalysts with different designed micro-structures, each category is explained with critical assessment and several typical examples, aiming to guide the synthesis of advanced soot combustion catalysts.
Living single-cell analysis is vital for cell biology, disease pathology, drug discovery and medical treatment. It is of great significance to reveal the law of creature and to explore the mechanism of serious disease. The conventional single cell analysis focuses on a large number of cells or cell lysis, in order to obtain the average information about cells. Therefore, it fails to analyze the real-time and continuous data of differences between the individual cells, thus limiting the development of many fields, such as biomedical. Nanofluidics based biochemical analysis exhibits advantages over conventional methods in terms of small sample volume, rapid turnaround time, straightforward operation, and efficient processing, which has been widely used in complex operations such as single cell capture, separation and single cell detection. Here we review the recent developments of nanofluidic technologies for single-cell analysis, with emphasis on cell trapping, treatment, and biochemical studies. The potential of nanofluidics-based single-cell analysis is discussed.
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
