Accurate prediction of blast furnace gas (BFG) generation is crucial for achieving rational utilization of gas and intelligent control of gas systems. Due to measurement instrument errors and production fluctuations, measured values of BFG generation are prone to anomalies. The current approach focuses on the self-identification and self-correction of BFG generation data, without leveraging the correlations among process parameters to conduct data governance on BFG generation. To address the above issues, a blast furnace was selected as the research object to construct a data governance model, which identified and corrected abnormal data from BFG generation measurements by utilizing the correlation between BFG generation and blast volume. Kalman filtering was applied to eliminate noise, and backpropagation neural network (BPNN), long short-term memory network (LSTM) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) prediction models were built for result analysis. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of all models was significantly improved after data governance. The BPNN model demonstrated the optimal prediction performance with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 90.21 m³/min and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 2.48%, while LSTM and XGBoost models achieved MAE values of 133.92 m³/min and 125.19 m³/min, with corresponding MAPE values of 3.71% and 3.45%, respectively.

Carbon steel, as a core engineering material, is widely applied across industrial sectors. However, its corrosion issues result in annual global economic losses equivalent to approximately 3%~5% of GDP. Traditional protection technologies, such as phosphating/chromating processes (associated with heavy metal contamination) and epoxy resin coatings (limited by high porosity), have become increasingly prominent in their shortcomings. In recent years, inspired by the lotus effect, superhydrophobic coatings fabricated by various techniques can effectively mitigate the corrosion of carbon steel. Gradient design strategies (e. g., KCC-1 or ZIFs-based underlayers combined with superhydrophobic topcoats) and the adoption of stimuli-responsive materials (pH-or temperature-triggered self-healing agents) can greatly improve the intrinsic protective performance of superhydrophobic coatings and endow them with self-repairing functionality simultaneously. Nevertheless, several critical issues still restrict further development, including inadequate mechanical durability (vulnerability of micro/nanostructures), poor adaptability to complex service environments (performance failure under high temperature or strong acid-alkali conditions), fabrication bottlenecks (difficult dispersion of nanomaterials), and ecological compatibility risks (pollution induced by fluorinated compounds). Current research progress of anti-corrosion coatings for carbon steel substrates is summarized herein with a focus on the development status of superhydrophobic coatings. Outcomes can guide subsequent optimization of biomimetic hierarchical structures, exploitation of eco-friendly materials, and establishment of synergistic self-healing-superhydrophobic protection systems, so as to advance carbon steel protection technologies toward long-term service life, intelligence and environmental sustainability.

The hot deformation behavior of 25Mn-7Al-1C steel was investigated through single-pass hot compression tests in the range of 9 00~1 150 °C for temperature and 0.01~10 s^-1 for strain rate. The constitutive equation and hot processing map of the tested steel were established. The results showed that the hot deformation activation energy of the steel was 447.5 kJ/mol, and the degree of dynamic recrystallization changed under different experimental conditions. Through synergistic analysis of dynamic recrystallization behavior and the hot processing map, hot working parameters with low temperature and high strain rate could enhance the impact toughness of the low-density steel. The optimal rolling process parameters for 25Mn-7Al-1C steel were confirmed as deformation temperature of 1 000~1 100 °C and strain rate of 0.01~1 s^-1.

The symmetrical steel/titanium/titanium/steel billet assembly and vacuum hot rolling bonding process were adopted to investigate the effect of rolling reduction ratio on the interfacial microstructure and properties of TA1 commercially pure titanium-EH40 steel composite plates. The micromorphology and element diffusion behavior at the titanium-steel interface were characterized by means of optical microscopy (OM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Meanwhile, the effect of interfacial microstructure on mechanical properties under different reduction ratios was analyzed. The results showed that the interfacial bonding strength increased significantly with the rise of reduction ratio. When the rolling reduction ratio increased from 3 to 6, the interfacial shear strength and bonding strength increased by 84 MPa and 67 MPa, respectively. The interfacial reaction layers were composed of β -Ti, TiC and FeTi phases under all reduction ratio conditions. With the increase of reduction ratio, the interfacial bonding quality was improved, while the total thickness of the interfacial reaction layer and the thickness of the brittle layer showed a decreasing trend. The reduction of interfacial defects and the thinning of the reaction layer were the microstructural factors responsible for the improvement of interfacial bonding properties.

Low-alloy ultra-high strength steel was used as the raw material to investigate the influence of different carbon contents and process regimes on the microstructure and properties of low-alloy ultra-high strength steel. The results showed that when the coiling temperature was 680 ℃, the microstructure consisted of ferrite and pearlite. When the coiling temperature is 600° C, the microstructure comprised ferrite, pearlite, and bainite.When the coiling temperature was reduced to 450 ℃, the microstructure transformed into bainite. After high-temperature heat treatment at 930 ℃, 900 ℃ and 850 ℃ respectively, the microstructure was refined to different degrees, and the yield strength and tensile strength of all specimens were decreased correspondingly. The specimen with a carbon content of 0.22% exhibited optimal comprehensive properties. The yield strength of the hot-rolled plate was 366 MPa, the tensile strength was 582 MPa, the fracture elongation (A_{50 mm}) was 27.2%, the tensile strength after heat treatment reached 1 466 MPa, the fracture elongation (A_{50 mm}) was 16.1%, the surface Brinell hardness was 448, and the impact energy at -20 ℃ is 35 J. Through carbon content control and process optimization, the comprehensive properties of low-alloy ultra-high strength steel could be effectively enhanced, thus meeting the stringent performance requirements for materials in modern industries.

Edge drop control accuracy is a key indicator that determines the core competitiveness of high-end cold-rolled products. Edge drop defects not only reduce product yield but also significantly deteriorate the downstream processing performance. Key edge drop control technologies and roll profile optimization for tandem cold rolling mills were investigated. The synergistic mechanisms among edge drop characteristics of hot-rolled raw materials, roll profile design, and roll shift control were comprehensively analyzed. A full-factor edge drop control solution covering raw material characteristics, roll profile design, and compensation control was formulated. Based on the working principle of the work roll shift device, the calculation methods for key parameters such as work roll shift position, shift amount, and shift insertion amount were derived. Based on the generation mechanism of edge drop, thickness attenuation characteristics at strip edges were analyzed by using measured data obtained from edge drop gauges. Edge attenuation coefficient models for each rolling pass were established, and the calculation methods for the edge compensation roll gap of each stand were further deduced. An auxiliary roll profile design method and a tandem mill edge drop prediction method were both developed on the basis of the edge drop characteristics of hot-rolled raw materials and the edge attenuation characteristics of rolled strip. Finally, auxiliary decision-making software for edge drop control and roll profile design was developed, which provided theoretical foundation and technical support for the process optimization of cold rolling edge drop control in cold rolling production.

In response to the issue that the decrease in permeability impairs the sintering quality during the production of a 900 mm ultra-thick bed on a 405 m² sintering machine, it was analyzed that the main reasons for the decrease in permeability under thick bed operation were the increase in static pressure at the lower part of the bed and the thickening of the over-wet layer and combustion zone. After taking measures such as increasing the temperature of the sintering mixture, optimizing the water addition to the sintering mixture, reducing the ignition intensity, and rationally controlling the distribution of sintering airflow, the bed thickness gradually stabilized at 880 mm to 900 mm. The solid fuel consumption decreased from 56.58 kg/t to 49.63 kg/t, and the power consumption per ton of ore decreased from 46.77 (kW·h)/t to 36.50 (kW·h)/t. Meanwhile, the sintering utilization coefficient increased from 1.241 t/(m²·h)to 1.402 t/(m²·h), which enabled high-quality production with an ultra-thick bed on the sintering process.

To achieve a smooth restart of the 2580 m³ blast furnace in General Ironmaking Plant of Angang Steel Co., Ltd. after unplanned long-term shutdown with heavy load for 31 days and 3 hours, a series of measures were implemented, including controlling temperature and cooling water in a staged and precise manner for furnace preservation, minimizing cooling water flow to the furnace body, adopting a concentrated and limited tuyere opening strategy during restart, setting key burden parameters with a total coke ratio of 1 000 kg/t and a final slag basicity of 1.0, and pre-injecting oxygen prior to blowing-in. The results showed that full tuyere opening was achieved 45 hours after restart, and the designed production capacity was reached within 5 days. The blast furnace productivity remained stable at 2.0 t/(m³·d), and the physical heat of hot metal exceeded 1 450 °C. Common issues encountered during hearth freezing treatment, such as tuyere slagging and damage were avoided, and the first iron tapping was accomplished smoothly. This practice provides a valuable reference for managing unplanned long-term shutdowns with heavy load and mitigating hearth freezing in blast furnaces.

In response to the decline in the qualification rate of inclusion internal control indices in 20CrMnTiH gear steel (sum of fine inclusion series categories ≤2.0, sum of coarse inclusion series categories ≤1.5, Ds≤1.0) at Ansteel Group Lingyuan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., through data analysis and precise calcium treatment software analysis, the primary reason for the problem mentioned above was that the calcium content in the molten steel was too low, which caused the inclusion composition to deviate from the liquid phase region. After implementing measures such as optimizing the calcium addition process from"LF (calcium wire feeding)—RH"to"LF—RH (calcium wire feeding)"and reducing the calcium addition amount from 80~120 m/heat to 50~60 m/heat, the qualification rate of inclusion internal control indices for 20CrMnTiH improved from 74% to 90%. Meanwhile, the calcium yield in the molten steel in the continuous casting tundish increased from 2%~4% to 20%~25%, ensuring smooth production while improving the quality of the gear steel.

Aiming at the problems of packing leakage, bearing damage, shaft sleeve wear and other pump failures during slag flushing water recovery for medium plate in the water station due to a large amount of iron oxide scale in the water, an in-depth discussion was carried out. Measures including improving the material hardness of key pump components and implementing regular maintenance were proposed to reduce failures and achieve stable operation. After the application of these measures, the average annual failure rate of pumps decreased from 10.0% to 3.2%, the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) rose from 76.2% to 89.7%, and the annual maintenance cost was reduced by 46.5%, with a payback period of 14 months for the technical renovation. This not only ensured stable and efficient operation of the equipment, but also provided certain reference value for improving the stability and service life of pumps under similar environment.